n.
A proteolytic enzyme that is produced by hemolytic streptococci, is capable of converting plasminogen to plasmin, and is used medically to dissolve blood clots.
streptokinase
Dictionary:
strep·to·kin·ase (strĕp'tō-kĭn'ās, -āz, -kī'nās, -nāz)  |
| 5min Related Video: streptokinase |
| Dental Dictionary: streptokinase |
n
A fibrinolytic activator that enhances the conversion of plasminogen to the fibrinolytic enzyme plasmin. It is used in the treatment of certain cases of pulmonary and coronary embolism.
| Drug Info: Streptokinase |
Brand names: Streptase®
Last updated: 7/1/2002
Important Disclaimer: The drug information provided here is for educational purposes only. It is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the diagnosis, treatment and advice of a medical professional. This drug information does not cover all possible uses, precautions, side effects and interactions. It should not be construed to indicate that this or any drug is safe for you. Consult your medical professional for guidance before using any prescription or over the counter drugs.
| Veterinary Dictionary: streptokinase |
An enzyme produced by streptococci that catalyzes the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin; abbreviated SK. Streptokinase, when administered as a thrombolytic, requires detailed and skilled control to avoid hemorrhage. It also is capable of producing severe antigenic reactions upon readministration. See also anticoagulant (2).
- s.–streptodornase — a mixture of enzymes elaborated by hemolytic streptococci; used as a proteolytic and fibrinolytic agent.
| Wikipedia: Streptokinase |
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Streptokinase
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| Streptococci streptokinase | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | B01 B06 |
| PubChem | ? |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C2100H3278N566O669S4 |
| Mol. mass | 47286.7 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | ? |
| Excretion | ? |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
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| Legal status | |
| Routes | ? |
Streptokinase is a protein produced by beta-haemolytic streptococcus and is used as an effective and inexpensive clot-dissolving medication in some cases of myocardial infarction (heart attack)[1] and pulmonary embolism.[2]
It belongs to a group of medications known as fibrinolytics, and works by activating plasminogen through cleavage to produce plasmin.
The half life of streptokinase is approximately 20 minutes (quoted in SPC).
Contents |
Mechanism of action
Plasmin is produced in the blood to break down the major constituent of blood clots fibrin, therefore dissolving clots once they have fulfilled their purpose in stopping bleeding. Extra production of plasmin caused by streptokinase breaks down unwanted blood clots, for example, in the lungs (pulmonary embolism). Streptokinase forms a complex in the plasma with plasminogen to form an activator complex. This complex then forms plasmin from unbound plasminogen.[3]
Administration
It is given intravenously as soon as possible after the onset of a heart attack (acute phase - myocardial infarction) to dissolve clots in the arteries of the heart wall. This reduces the amount of damage to the heart muscle. Streptokinase is a bacterial product so the body will build up an immunity to it. It is recommended that this medication should not be used again after four days from the first administration, as it may not be as effective and can also cause an allergic reaction. For this reason, it is usually given only for a person's first heart attack. Further thrombotic events could be treated with tPA. Overdose of streptokinase or tPA can be treated with aminocaproic acid.
Current research applications
Streptokinase may find a use in helping to prevent postoperative adhesions, a common complication of surgery, especially abdominal surgery (appendectomy, gall stones, hysterectomy, etc.) One study using animal models (rats) found that when used with a PHBV membrane drug-delivery system, it was 90 percent effective in preventing adhesions. [4]
Marketing
It is marketed in Chile as Streptase by Alpes Selection, under license of ZLB Behring from Marburg, Germany.
References
- ^ Sikri N, Bardia A (2007). "A history of streptokinase use in acute myocardial infarction". Tex Heart Inst J 34 (3): 318–27. PMID 17948083.
- ^ Meneveau N, Schiele F, Vuillemenot A, et al. (July 1997). "Streptokinase vs alteplase in massive pulmonary embolism. A randomized trial assessing right heart haemodynamics and pulmonary vascular obstruction". Eur. Heart J. 18 (7): 1141–8. PMID 9243149. http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9243149.
- ^ Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine, 6th Edition.
- ^ A. Yagmurlu, M. Barlas, I. Gursel, I.H. Gokcora (2003). "Reduction of Surgery-Induced Peritoneal Adhesions by Continuous Release of Streptokinase from a Drug Delivery System". Eur Surg Res 35 (1): 46–49. doi:. PMID 12566787.
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Learn More
 | streptodornase |
| Fibrinogen Test: Precautions |
| Thrombolytic Therapy |
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| Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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