In building construction, the particular method of assembling and constructing structural elements of a building so that they support and transmit applied loads safely to the ground without exceeding the allowable stresses in the members. Basic types of systems include
bearing-wall, post-and-beam, frame, membrane, and suspension. They fall into three major categories: low-rise, high-rise, and long-span. Systems for long-span buildings (column-free spaces of over 100 ft, or 30 m) include tension and compression systems (subject to bending) and funicular systems, which are shaped to experience either pure tension or pure compression. Bending structures include the
girder and two-way grids and slabs. Funicular structures include
cable structures,
membrane structures, and vaults and domes.
See also framed structure;
post-and-beam system;
shell structure.
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