| Subacute bacterial endocarditis | |
| Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | I33.0 |
|---|---|
| ICD-9 | 421.0 |
| eMedicine | / |
| MeSH | [1] |
Subacute bacterial endocarditis (also called endocarditis lenta) is a type of endocarditis (more specifically, infective endocarditis).
It can be confused with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia.[1]
It can be considered a form of Type III hypersensitivity.[2]
Contents |
Diagnosis
Osler's nodes can indicate this condition.[3]
Causes
It is usually caused by a form of streptococci bacteria that normally live in the mouth and throat (Streptococcus mutans, mitis, sanguis,or milleri). Other strains of streptococci (bovis and equines) can also cause subacute endocarditis, usually in patients who have a form of gastrointestinal cancer.
Prognosis
Underlying structural valve disease is usually present in patients before developing subacute endocarditis. It is less likely to lead to septic emboli than is acute endocarditis, but subacute endocarditis has a relatively slow process of infection and, if left untreated, can worsen for up to one year before it is fatal.
summary Incases of subacute bact.endocarditis the caustive organism(streptococcus viridans)need aprevious heart(valve)disease to colonize and cause such disease.
On the other hand, in cases of acute bact. endocarditis,the organism can colnize on the healthy heart (valve)causing the disease.
Treatment
The standard treatment is with a minimum of four weeks of high-dose intravenous penicillin with an aminoglycoside such as gentamicin.
The use of high-dose antibiotics is largely based upon animal models.[4]
References
- ^ Agarwal A, Clements J, Sedmak DD, et al. (December 1997). "Subacute bacterial endocarditis masquerading as type III essential mixed cryoglobulinemia". J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 8 (12): 1971–6. PMID 9402102. http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9402102.
- ^ "Definition: immune complex disease from Online Medical Dictionary". http://128.240.24.212/cgi-bin/omd?type+III+hypersensitivity+reaction.
- ^ Osler nodes at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Verhagen DW, Vedder AC, Speelman P, van der Meer JT (2006). "Antimicrobial treatment of infective endocarditis caused by viridans streptococci highly susceptible to penicillin: historic overview and future considerations". J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 57 (5): 819–24. doi:. PMID 16549513. http://jac.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16549513.
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