Surry Hills, New South Wales

For the Melbourne suburb, see Surrey Hills, Victoria

Surry Hills Sydney, New South Wales
The Clock Hotel, Crown Street
Population:	15,036[1]
Postcode:	2010
Area:	1.2 km² (0.5 sq mi)
Property Value:	AUD $780,000 [2]
Location:	1 km (1 mi) south-east of Sydney CBD
LGA:	City of Sydney
State District:	Sydney
Federal Division:	Sydney
Suburbs around Surry Hills: Sydney CBD Darlinghurst Darlinghurst Haymarket Surry Hills Paddington Chippendale Redfern Moore Park

Surry Hills is an inner-city suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Surry Hills is located immediately south-east of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of the City of Sydney. Surry Hills is surrounded by the suburbs of Darlinghurst to the north, Chippendale and Haymarket to the west, Moore Park and Paddington to the east and Redfern to the south.^[3]

Central is a locality in the north-west of the suburb around Central Station. Prince Alfred Park is located nearby. Strawberry Hills is a locality around Cleveland and Elizabeth streets.

History

The first land grants in Surry Hills were made in the 1790s. Major Joseph Foveaux received 105 acres. His property was known as Surry Hills Farm, after the Surrey Hills in Surrey, England. Foveaux Street is named in his honour.^[4] Commissary John Palmer received 90 acres. He called the property George Farm and in 1800 Palmer also bought Foveaux's farm. In 1792, the boundaries of the Sydney Cove settlement were established between the head of Cockle Bay to the head of Woolloomooloo Bay. West of the boundary, which included present-day Surry Hills, was considered suitable for farming and was granted to military officers and free settlers.

After Palmer's political failures, his reduced financial circumstances forced the first subdivision and sale of his estate in 1814. Isaac Nichols bought Allotment 20, comprising over 6 acres. Due to the hilly terrain, much of the suburb was considered remote and 'inhospitable'.

In the early years of the nineteenth century the area around what is now Prince Alfred Park was undeveloped land known as the Government Paddocks or Cleveland Paddocks. A few villas were built in the suburb in the late 1820s. The suburb remained one of contrasts for much of the nineteenth century, with the homes of wealthy merchants mixed with that of the commercial and working classes.

In 1820, Governor Macquarie ordered the consecration of the Devonshire Street Cemetery. A brick wall was erected before any interments took place to enclose its four acres. Within a four year period the cemetery was expanded by the addition of seven acres to its south. A road was formed along the southern boundary of the cemetery in the first half of the 1830s and was called Devonshire Street The Devonshire Street cemetery, where many of the early settlers were buried, was later moved to build the Sydney railway terminus. Central railway station was opened on the 4th August 1906. The area around Cleveland and Elizabeth streets was known as Strawberry Hills. Strawberry Hills post office was located at this intersection for many years.^[5]

In 1833, the Nichol's estate was subdivided and sold. One purchase was by Thomas Broughton and subsequently acquired by George Hill who constructed Durham Hall on this and adjoining lots. Terrace houses and workers' cottages were built in Surry Hills from the 1850s. Light industry became established in the area, particularly in the rag trade (clothing industry). It became a working class suburb, predominately inhabited by Irish immigrants. The suburb developed a reputation for crime and vices.

Surry Hills was favoured by newly arrived families after World War II when property values were low and accommodation was inexpensive. From the 1980s, the area was gentrified, with many of the area's older houses and building restored and many new upper middle-class residents enjoying the benefits of inner-city living.^{[citation needed]}

Urban Character

Surry Hills has a mixture of residential, commercial and light industrial areas. It remains Sydney's main centre for fashion wholesale activities, particularly on the western side. Crown Street is the heart of the Surry Hills community, featuring a mix of cafes, restaurants, fashion and homewares stores. The Surry Hills Shopping Village (formerly Redfern Shopping Village) is a shopping centre on Cleveland Street, on the border with Redfern. Oxford Square is a shopping centre on Oxford Street, on the border with Darlinghurst. Surry Hills Markets are held in Shannon Reserve at the corner of Crown and Collins Streets, on the first Saturday of every month, and the Surry Hills Festival is an annual community event, attracting tens of thousands of visitors, held in Prince Alfred Park. The Surry Hills Library and Community Centre sits opposite Shannon Reserve and houses the local branch of the city library and the Surry Hills Neighbourhood Centre. The building was "designed to achieve excellence in sustainable design and set new benchmarks in environmental performance" according to the City of Sydney website.^[6]

Clock Hotel, Crown Street	Surry Hills Shopping Village	Heritage building on Crown Street	Former cinema in Cleveland Street
Former police station, now used as Positive Living Centre, 703 Bourke Street (on the National Estate)

Transport

Central railway station, the largest station on the CityRail network, sits on western edge of Surry Hills. Surry Hills is also serviced by State Transit Authority buses. The Eastern Distributor is a major road, on the eastern edge of the suburb. Major thoroughfares are Crown Street, Cleveland Street, Bourke Street and Foveaux Street. Surry Hills is within easy walking distance of the Sydney CBD, and is included in a widening network of cycleways.

Places of worship

Places of worship in Surry Hills include:

• Cityside Church (Australian Christian Churches), church plant of Shirelive Church
• St Michaels Anglican Church (site)
• St Frances De Sales Catholic Church
• St Peters Catholic Church
• Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church
• St Sophia and 3 Daughters Greek Orthodox Church
• Surry Hills Baptist Church
• Chinese Presbyterian Church
• Dawn of Islam Mosque
• King Faisal Mosque.

The Kirk is a deconsecrated church that is used as a multi-purpose venue.

St Peters Catholic Church	Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church	Chinese Presbyterian Church	St Michael's Anglican Church
The Kirk

Schools

Bourke Street Public School, Crown Street Public School, Sydney Community College.

Crown Street Public School

Crown Street Public School - Entrance

Surry Hills Bourke Street Public School

Cleveland Street High School

Landmarks

St Margaret's Hospital, Sydney Police Centre, Centennial Plaza, Belvoir Street Theatre, Tom Mann Theatre, Prince Alfred Park, Harmony Park, Surry Hills Library and Community Centre.

Hotels

• Cambridge Hotel (site) - A 4-star hotel with 170 guest rooms and suites, located on Riley Street. Houses Cafe 212, home of the famous Caberet@212.
• Crown Hotel (site) - A small boutique hotel on the corner of Crown and Cleveland Streets, where it has been located for over 100 years.

Restaurants

Surry Hills boasts an excellent and diverse range of cafes and restaurants serving a wide variety of cooking styles and cultures and in all price ranges. The suburb has one of the highest, if not the highest, concentration of Sydney Morning Herald Good Food Guide restaurants. Some of the suburb's most popular restaurants are:

• Agave, Crown Street
• Alio, Baptist Street
• Assiette, Albion Street
• Bentley Restaurant and Bar, Crown Street
• The Beresford, Bourke Street
• bills, Crown Street
• Billy Kwong, Crown Street
• Bird Cow Fish, Crown Street
• Bistrode, Bourke Street
• Bodega, Commonwealth Street
• The Book Kitchen, Devonshire Street
• Cafe Mint, Crown Street
• Cochin, Fitzroy Street
• Essenza, Crown Street
• Fatima's, Cleveland Street
• Foveaux Restaurant and Bar, Foveaux Street
• Il Baretto, Bourke Street
• In the Mood for Thai, Crown Street
• Le Pelican, Bourke Street
• Longrain, Commonwealth Street
• Mahjong Room, Crown Street
• Marque, Crown Street
• Mille Vini, Crown Street
• Monkey Magic, Crown Street
• Moor Fish, Devonshire Street
• Nepalese Kitchen, Crown Street
• Non La, Fitzroy Street
• Paua, Crown Street
• Pizza e Birra, Crown Street
• Pizza Mario, Bourke Street
• Prasits, Crown Street
• Red Lantern, Crown Street
• Spice I Am, Wentworth Avenue
• Table for 20, Campbell Street
• Tabou, Crown Street
• Toko, Crown Street
• Uchi Lounge, Brisbane Street
• Vini, Holt Street
• Vinothek, Crown Street
• The Winery by Gazebo, Crown Street
• Yai, Crown Street
• Yullis, Crown Street (Vegetarian)

Pubs and bars

Because of its industrial and commercial history, the Surry Hills area contains a significant number of pubs. The style of pubs range from the Victorian period, to Federation and Art Deco pubs from the mid-1900s. Many of these have been refurbished in recent years to include restaurants and modern facilities. Some of the more popular pubs in Surry Hills include

• White Horse Hotel, Crown Street
• Clock Hotel, Crown Street
• Dolphin Hotel, Crown Street
• Trinity Hotel, Crown Street
• Crown Hotel, Crown Street
• Forresters Hotel, Riley and Foveaux Street
• Porterhouse Hotel, Riley Street
• Hopetoun Hotel, Bourke St (currently closed)
• Beresford Hotel, Bourke Street
• Carrington Hotel, Bourke Street
• Cricketer's Arms Hotel, Fitzroy Street
• Excelsior Hotel, Foveaux Street
• Hollywood Hotel, Foster Street
• Macquarie Hotel, Wentworth Avenue
• Clarenden Hotel, Devonshire Street
• Shakespeare Hotel, Devonshire Street
• Central Hotel, Chalmers and Randal Streets
• Strawberry Hills Hotel, Elizabeth and Devonshire Streets
• Madison Hotel, Devonshire and Chalmers Streets
• Royal Exhibition Hotel, Chalmers Street
• Aurora Hotel, Elizabeth and Kippax Street

Clock Hotel, Crown Street	The Surry Hotel, Elizabeth Street	The Dolphin Hotel, Crown Street	Bar Cleveland, Cleveland Street
Hopetoun Hotel, Bourke Street

Heritage

The following buildings are on the Register of the National Estate:^[7]

• House, 177-177A Albion Street
• Public School, Bourke Street
• Cleveland House, Bedford Street
• Former Wesleyan Chapel, 348A Bourke Street
• Former Police Station, 703 Bourke Street
• Cleveland Street Public School, corner Cleveland and Chalmers Streets
• Terraces, 15-33 Collins Street
• Public School, Crown Street
• Houses, 82-146 Flinders Street
• Houses, 150-156 Flinders Street
• Terraces, 368-378 South Dowling Street
• St Michael's Church, Hall and Rectory, Albion Street
• Terrace, 197-201 Albion Street
• House, 203-205 Albion Street
• Durham Hall, 207 Albion Street
• Riley Street Infants School, 378-386 Riley Street

Former Crown Street Womens Hospital, converted to flats

Lacey On Cooper, converted industrial building on Cooper Street

Housing

Surry Hills is largely composed of Victorian terraced houses with some converted warehouses and large developments of newer apartment buildings in the west of the suburb. Amongst the newer developments is The Monument at 20 Pelican Street (on the boundary of Surry Hills and Darlinghurst), an upmarket residential complex located above the Oxford Square shopping centre. The Monument is an iconic piece of contemporary architecture designed by renowned Melbourne-based architects Wood/Marsh.

A quiet back street

Durham Hall, Albion Street (on the National Estate)

Sandstock terraces, Albion Street (on the National Estate)

Population

Demographically Surry Hills is now characterised as a mixture of relatively affluent newcomers who have gentrified the suburb, long-time residents and a number of transients. There are a large number of hostels and other facilities for transients and the homeless in the area.

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References

External links

• Surry Hills, New South Wales is at coordinates 33°53′02″S 151°12′35″E / 33.88384°S 151.20978°E / -33.88384; 151.20978Coordinates: 33°53′02″S 151°12′35″E / 33.88384°S 151.20978°E / -33.88384; 151.20978