Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey KG (1374 - 7 January 1400), also 3rd Earl of Kent.
He was the son of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent KG and
On his father's death in 1397 Holland became 3rd Earl of Kent. At that time Kent's uncle Richard II was removing from power Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, and his associates, and sent Kent to arrest his own uncle — Richard Fitzalan, 11th Earl of Arundel. In reward he received a share of the forfeited estates, and on 29 September 1397 was created Duke of Surrey. Yet another uncle John Holland was created Duke of Exeter on that day as well.
Holland, along with many of Richard's advisors, was arrested after Richard's deposition by Henry IV in 1399. In the end he had to forfeit the honors and estates he had gained after the arrests of Gloucester and Arundel, and thus went back to just being Earl of Kent.
Early in 1400 Holland, along with his uncle John (now Earl of Huntingdon instead of Duke of Exeter) plotted to kill Henry IV and free Richard II from prison and return him to the throne. This "Epiphany Rising" failed and Holland was captured and executed.
He left no children by his wife, Joan Stafford, daughter of Hugh Stafford, 2nd Earl of Stafford. He was succeeded as earl by his brother Edmund.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by The Duke of Norfolk |
Earl Marshal 1398–1399 |
Succeeded by The Earl of Westmorland |
| Peerage of England | ||
| New creation | Duke of Surrey 1397–1399 |
Forfeit |
| Preceded by Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl |
Earl of Kent 1397–1400 |
Succeeded by Edmund Holland, 4th Earl |
References
- ^ (M.S. Harl. 5805, f. 392) ISBN: 0 906223 34 2. The Art of Heraldry by A.C. Fox-Davis. Page 97. Fig 201. (Image by Zorlot).
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