The Three Lords and Nine Ministers system (traditional Chinese: 三公九卿) was a central administrative system adopted in ancient China that was officially instituted in Qin Dynasty (221 BC - 206 BC) and was replaced by the Three Departments and Six Ministries system (traditional Chinese: 三省六部) since Sui Dynasty (589-618 AD). Three Lords referred to three highest rank officials in the imperial government, namely, the Chancellor, the Imperial Secretary, and the Grand Commandant. Nine Ministers comprised all the ministers of importance in the central government. They were: the Minister of Ceremonies, the Supervisor of Attendants, the Commandant of Guards, the Grand Servant, the Commandant of Justice, the Grand Herald, Director of the Imperial Clan, the Grand Minister of Agriculture, and the Small Treasurer.[1]
History
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References
- Li, Konghuai (2007) (in Chinese). History of Administrative Systems in Ancient China. Joint Publishing (H.K.) Co., Ltd.. ISBN 978-962-04-2654-4.
- Lu, Simian (2008) (in Chinese). The General History of China. New World Publishing. ISBN 978-7-80228-569-9.
- Wang, Yü-Ch'üan (June 1949). "An Outline of The Central Government of The Former Han Dynasty". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 12 (1/2): 134–187. doi:10.2307/2718206.
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