Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology

Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology A history of temperature measurement and pressure measurement technology.

Timeline

800s

• 800s — Differential pressure controls developed by the Banū Mūsā brothers.^[1]

1000s

• 1000s — Abū Alī ibn Sīnā (Avicenna) develops an early air thermometer which can measure the level of water controlled by the expansion and contraction of the air.^[2][3]

1400s

• 1450 — Leone Battista Alberti developed a swinging-plate anemometer.

1500s

• 1592- 1593 — Galileo Galilei builds an early Galileo thermometer, known as the thermoscope using the contraction of air to draw water up a tube.^[4]

1600s

• 1612 — Santorio Sanctorius puts thermometer to medical use
• 1617 — Giuseppe Biancani published the first clear diagram of a thermoscope
• 1624 — The word thermometer (in its French form) first appeared in La Récréation Mathématique by J. Leurechon, who describes one with a scale of 8 degrees^[5].
• 1629 — Joseph Solomon Delmedigo describes in a book an accurate sealed-glass thermometer which uses brandy
• 1638 — Robert Fludd the first thermoscope showing a scale and thus constituting a thermometer.
• 1643 — Evangelista Torricelli invents the mercury barometer
• 1654 — Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, made sealed tubes part filled with alcohol, with a bulb and stem, the first modern-style thermometer, depending on the expansion of a liquid, and independent of air pressure^[6].
• 1661 — Christiaan Huygens built the U-tube ^[7].
• 1667 — Robert Hooke builds another type of anemometer, called a pressure-plate anemometer.^[8]
• 1695 — Guillaume Amontons improved the thermometer

1700s

• 1701 — Ole Christensen Røemer made one of the first practical thermometers. As a temperature indicator it used red wine. (Rømer scale), The temperature scale used for his thermometer had 0 representing the temperature of a salt and ice mixture (at about 259 K).
• 1709 — Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit constructed an alcohol thermometer
• 1714 — Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invents the mercury-in-glass thermometer
• 1731 — René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur the Réaumur scale, On this scale 0 represented the freezing point of water (273.15 K) and 80 represented the boiling point (373.15 K).
• 1738 — Daniel Bernoulli asserted in Hydrodynamica the principle that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure within the fluid decreases. (Kinetic theory)
• 1742 — Anders Celsius created an inverted centigrade or Celsius temperature scale in which 100 represented the freezing point (273.15 K) and 0 represented the boiling point (373.15 K).
• 1744 — Carl Linnaeus suggested reversing the temperature scale of Anders Celsius so that 0 represented the freezing point of water (273.15 K) and 100 represented the boiling point (373.15 K).
• 1782 — James Six invents the Maximum minimum thermometer

1800s

• 1821 — Thomas Johann Seebeck invents the thermocouple
• 1843 — Lucien Vidi invents the Barograph, an aneroid barometer
• 1846 — John Thomas Romney Robinson - Cup anemometer.
• 1848 — Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) - Kelvin scale, in his paper, On an Absolute Thermometric Scale
• 1849 — Eugene Bourdon - Bourdon_gauge (manometer)
• 1849 — Henri Victor Regnault - Hypsometer
• 1864 — Henri Becquerel suggests an optical pyrometer
• 1866 — Thomas Clifford Allbutt invented a clinical thermometer that produced a body temperature reading in five minutes as opposed to twenty.^[9]
• 1871 — William Siemens describes the Resistance thermometer at the Bakerian Lecture
• 1874 — H. G. McLeod invents the McLeod gauge
• 1885 — Calender-Van Duesen invented the platinum resistance temperature device
• 1887 — Richard Assmann invents the psychrometer
• 1892 — Henri-Louis Le Châtelier builds the first optical pyrometer
• 1896 — Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch introduced the Sphygmomanometer

1900s

• 1906 — Marcello Pirani - Pirani gauge
• 1924 — Irving Langmuir - Langmuir probe
• 1930 — Samuel Ruben invented the thermistor

See also

• History_of_thermodynamic_temperature
• List of timelines

References

Robert P. Benedict (1984) Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure and Flow Measurements, 3rd ed ISBN 0-471-89383-8