( b Rotterdam, 16 Nov 1926). Dutch composer. He was a pupil of Badings and Messiaen and from 1960 has taught at the Amsterdam Conservatory. Until the mid-1950s he was influenced by Bartók, Hindemith and Pijper, but later works move towards Boulez and Berio; Asian thought has also been important. His works cover many genres and include a Spatial Music series (1966-71) for separated or moving players.

The Concise Grove Dictionary of Music. Copyright © 1994 by Oxford University Press, Inc.. All rights reserved.