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The Flag of India
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The Emblem of India
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The Republic of India is a sovereign country located in South Asia.[1] India is the seventh most extensive country, the second most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world.[2][3] India has the world's twelfth largest economy at market exchange rates and the fourth largest in purchasing power. Economic reforms have transformed it into the second fastest growing large economy.[4] However, it still endures high levels of poverty,[5] illiteracy, and malnutrition. As a diverse society (pluralistic, multilingual, and multiethnic), Indians have made home to a swathe of wildlife in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve[6][7] and elsewhere.
India is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the south, the Arabian Sea to the west, and the Bay of Bengal to the east, with a coastline stretching 7,517 kilometers (4,671 mi).[8] It borders Pakistan to the north and west;[9] Nepal and the China to the north; Bangladesh to the southeast; Bhutan to the northeast; and Burma to the east; Sri Lanka and the Maldives to the south.
After being colonised by the United Kingdom from the mid-nineteenth century, India became a modern nation state in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by widespread nonviolent resistance.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to India:
General reference
- Pronunciation: ɪndiə
- Common English country name: India
- Official English country name: The Republic of India
- Common endonym(s): Bharat
- Official endonym(s):
- Adjectival(s): Indian
- Demonym(s): Indian
- Etymology: Name of India
- International rankings of India
- ISO country codes: IN, IND, 356
- ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:IN
- Internet country code top-level domain: .in
Geography of India
- India is: a subcontinent and a country
- Location:
- Eastern Hemisphere
- Northern Hemisphere
- Time zone: Indian Standard Time (UTC+05:30)
- Extreme points of India
- High: Kangchenjunga 8,586 m (28,169 ft) – third highest peak on Earth
- Low: Kuttanad -2.2 m (−7 ft)
- Land boundaries: 14,103 km
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Bangladesh 4,053 km
China 3,380 km including the territorial disputes along its border; McMahon Line
Pakistan including the disputed LoC is 2,912 km
Nepal 1,690 km
Burma 1,463 km
Bhutan 605 km
- Coastline: Indian Ocean 7,000 km
- Population of India: 1,145,787,902 people (2008 estimate) - 2nd most populous country
- Area of India: 3,287,590 km2 (1,269,350 sq mi) - 7th largest country
- Atlas of India
- Subcontinent (India is one)
Environment of India
- Climate of India
- Environmental issues in India
- Renewable energy in India
- Geology of India
- National parks of India
- Orography of India
- Protected areas of India
- Wildlife of India
Geographic features of India
- Beaches of India
- Glaciers of India
- Islands of India
- Lakes of India
- Mountains of India
- Rivers of India
- Valleys of India
- World Heritage Sites of India
Physical divisions of India
- See also: Ecoregions of India
- The northern mountains including the Himalayas, which includes the Kuen Lun and the Karakoram ranges and the northeast mountain ranges.
- Indo-Gangetic plains
- Thar Desert
- Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau
- Eastern coastal plains
- Western coastal plains
- Bordering seas and islands
Administrative divisions of India
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Structure
Union of India
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States Union Territories
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Divisions
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Districts
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Blocks Municipal Corporations Municipalities City Councils
(Tehsils) (Maha-Nagar-Palika) (Nagar-Palika) (Nagar-Panchayat)
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Villages Wards
(Graam/Gau'n)
States and territories of India
- Main article: States and territories of India
- Autonomous regions of India
- Emblems of Indian States
- States and territories of India
- By rank
- By economic rank
- By various rankings
- By population
- By population density
- By size
- By state code
- By rank
- State and territory capitals
States:
Union Territories:
Municipalities of India
Geography of states and territories
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1. Geography of Andaman and Nicobar |
13. Geography of Haryana |
25. Geography of Nagaland |
History of India
- Main article: History of India and Timeline of Indian history
- Ancient India
- Economic history of India
- Linguistic history of India
- Indian maritime history
- Military history of India
- Science and technology in ancient India
History of India by period
- South Asian Stone Age (70,000–3300 BCE)
- Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1700 BCE)
- Late Harappan culture (1700–1300 BCE)
- Vedic period (1500–500 BCE)
- Iron Age (1200–300 BCE)
- Mahajanapadas (700–300 BCE)
- Magadha Empire (545 BCE - 550)
- Maurya Empire (545 BCE - 550)
- Middle kingdoms of India (250 BCE–1279 CE)
- Chola Empire (250 BCE–1070 CE)
- Satavahana (230 BCE–220 CE)
- Kushan Empire (60–240 CE)
- Gupta Empire (280–550 CE)
- Pala Empire (750–1174 CE)
- Rashtrakuta (753–982 CE)
- Islamic empires in India (1206–1596)
- Delhi Sultanate (1206–1596)
- Deccan Sultanates(1490–1596)
- Hoysala Empire (1040–1346)
- Ahom Kingdom (1228–1826)
- Vijayanagara Empire (1336–1646)
- Mughal Empire (1526–1858)
- Maratha Empire (1674–1818)
- Colonial India (1858–1947)
- Indian independence movement
- History of Republic of India (1947 - present)
History by states and territories
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1. History of Andaman and Nicobar |
13. History of Haryana |
25. History of Nagaland |
Demography of India
- Main article: Demographics of India
Demographics of states and territories
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1. Demographics of Andaman and Nicobar |
13. Demographics of Haryana |
25. Demographics of Nagaland |
Government and politics of India
- Main article: Government of India and Politics of India
- Form of government: federal parliamentary multi-party representative democratic republic
- Capital of India: New Delhi
- Elections in India
- Intelligence agencies of India
- Political parties in India
Socio-economic issues in India
Branches of the government of India
Executive branch of the government of India
- Head of state: President of India
- Head of government: Prime Minister of India
- Vice-President of India
- The Cabinet
Legislative branch of the government of India
- Parliament of India
- Rajya Sabha (Council of States) - upper house of Parliament
- Vice-President of India - serves as Chairman of the Rajya Sabha
- Lok Sabha (House of the People) - lower house of Parliament
- Rajya Sabha (Council of States) - upper house of Parliament
Judicial branch of the government of India
Foreign relations of India
International organization membership
The Republic of India is a member of: [1]
Law and order in India
- Main article: Law of India
- Capital punishment in India
- Constitution of India
- Crime in India
- Directive Principles in India
- Fundamental Rights in India
- History of Indian law
- Law enforcement in India
National law enforcement agencies
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- Border Security Force
- Central Bureau of Investigation
- Central Industrial Security Force
- Central Reserve Police Force
- Defense Security Force
- Directorate of Revenue Intelligence
- Indian Coast Guard
- Indian Home Guard
- Indian Police Service
- Indo-Tibetan Border Police
- National Security Guards
- Railway Protection Force
- Special Protection Group
- Narcotics Control Bureau
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Regional law enforcement agencies
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Local law enforcement agencies
- Bangalore City Police
- Greater Chennai Police
- Delhi Police
- Kolkata Police
- Mumbai Police
- Nagpur Police
Military of India
- Main article: Military of India
- Command
- Forces
- Military academies in India
- India and weapons of mass destruction
Government of states
Politics by states and territories
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1. Politics of Andaman and Nicobar |
13. Politics of Haryana |
25. Politics of Nagaland |
Culture of India
- Main article: Culture of India
- Architecture of India
- Caste system in India
- Indian dress
- Festivals in India
- Humour in India
- Media in India
- National symbols of India
- Public holidays in India
- Religion in India
- World Heritage Sites in India
Cuisine of India
- Main article: Cuisine of India
Cuisine by regions
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Art in India
Music of India
- Indian classical music
- Indian folk music
- Qawwali
- Indian pop
- Indian hip hop
- Filmi
- Indian rock
- Sangeet Natak Akademi
- Thyagaraja Aradhana
- Cleveland Thyagaraja Aradhana
- List of Indian playback singers
- Indian musical instruments
Music by states and territories
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1. Music of Andaman and Nicobar |
13. Music of Haryana |
25. Music of Nagaland |
Literature of India
- List of Indian poets
- List of Indian authors
- Indian epic poetry
- Jnanpith award
- Sahitya Akademi Award
- Indian Literature (journal)
- Indian folklore
Literature by language
Cinema of India
- Main article : Cinema of India
- Lists of Indian films
- List of top Bollywood films
- List of top Marathi films
- List of top Tamil-language films
- List of Telugu-language films
- List of Malayalam films
- List of Kannada films
- List of Bengali films
- List of Indian film actresses
- List of Indian film actors
- List of Indian film directors
- List of Indian film choreographers
- List of Indian film cinematographers
- List of Indian film score composers
- List of film festivals in India
- List of Indian film producers
- List of Indian film screenwriters
Cinema by region
- Bengali cinema
- Bollywood (Hindi cinema)
- Cinema of Karnataka
- Malayalam cinema
- Marathi cinema
- Tamil cinema
- Telugu cinema
- Bhojpuri cinema
- Kashmiri cinema
- Punjwood (Punjabi cinema)
Languages in India
Awards
- Stardust Awards
- Star Screen Awards
- Bollywood Movie Awards
- Global Indian Film Awards
- IIFA Awards
- Zee Cine Awards
Sports in India
- Main article: Sport in India
- India at the Olympics
- Football in India
- Cricket in India
- Field hockey in India
- Kabaddi
- Rugby in India
- Indian martial art
Professional sports leagues in India
Culture of states
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1. Culture of Andaman and Nicobar |
13. Culture of Haryana |
25. Culture of Nagaland |
Economy of India
- Main article: Economy of India
- Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 12th (twelfth)
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Economy of states
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1. Economy of Andaman and Nicobar |
13. Economy of Haryana |
25. Economy of Nagaland |
Education in India
- Main article: Education in India
Education in states
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1. Education in Andaman and Nicobar |
13. Education in Haryana |
25. Education in Nagaland |
Tourism in India
- Main article: Tourism in India
Tourism in states
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1. Tourism in Andaman and Nicobar |
13. Tourism in Haryana |
25. Tourism in Nagaland |
Infrastructure of India
- Communications in India
- Amateur radio in India
- Energy in India
- Health care in India
- Transportation in India
- Water supply and sanitation in India
- Ports in India
See also
- Index of India-related articles
- List of India-related topics
- List of international rankings
- Member state of the Commonwealth of Nations
- Member state of the Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors
- Member state of the United Nations
- Outline of Asia
- Outline of geography
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Bodo language |
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Dogri language |
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Konkani language |
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Maithili language |
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Manipuri language |
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Santali language |
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Tulu |
References
- ^ a b "India". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 13, 2009. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
- ^ "Country profile: India". BBC. 9 January 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/country_profiles/1154019.stm. Retrieved 2007-03-21.
- ^ "World's Largest Democracy to Reach One Billion Persons on Independence Day". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. United Nations: Population Division. http://www.un.org/esa/population/pubsarchive/india/ind1bil.htm. Retrieved 2007-12-06.
- ^ "India is the second fastest growing economy". Economic Research Service (ERS). United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). http://www.ers.usda.gov/Briefing/India/. Retrieved 2007-08-05.
- ^ Poverty estimates for 2004-05, Planning commission, Government of India, March 2007. Accessed: August 25, 2007
- ^ Rajendran, S. (2007-09-03). "Joint plan to protect Nilgiri biosphere". The Hindu. http://www.thehindu.com/2007/09/03/stories/2007090360541000.htm. Retrieved 2008-07-19.
- ^ CPREEC Resource Centre, Environment Education Cell, Pondicherry State Training Centre, Perunthalaivar Kamarajar Centurian Complex, Nellithope, Pondicherry-5 (2007-12-31). "The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve". The C. P. Ramaswami Aiyar Foundation. http://cpreec.org/pubbook-nilgiris.htm. Retrieved 2008-07-19.
- ^ Kumar et al. 2006, p. 531
- ^ Footnote: The Government of India also considers Afghanistan to be a bordering country. This is because it considers the entire state of Jammu and Kashmir to be an important 'integral part' of the Union of India including the portion bordering Afghanistan. A ceasefire sponsored by the United Nations in 1948 froze the positions of Indian and Pakistani held territory. As a consequence, the region bordering Afghanistan is in Pakistan-administered territories.
External links
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Images and media from Commons
News stories from Wikinews
Learning resources from Wikiversity- Government
- Official entry portal of the Government of India
- Official directory of Indian Government websites
- General reference
- India entry at The World Factbook
- Encyclopædia Britannica entry on India
- BBC country profile of India
- Library of Congress Country Studies entry on India
- Other
- Incredible India - The Official Tourism Website of Ministry of Tourism, Government of India
- India at the Open Directory Project
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