 |
This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2009) |
 2002 Toyota Mark II |
|
| Manufacturer | Toyota |
|---|---|
| Production | 1968 - 2004 |
| Predecessor | Toyota Corona |
| Successor | Toyota Mark X |
| Class | Mid-size |
| Related | Toyota Cressida Toyota Chaser Toyota Cresta Toyota Verossa |
The Toyota Mark II is a model name used by Toyota for several decades.
The first Mark II, called the Toyota Corona Mark II was an upscale version of the Toyota Corona sedan sold by Toyota. By the 1970s, the Mark II used a separate platform from the plain Corona and was much larger. Once the platform was separated, the car became known simply as the Toyota Mark II.
Subsequent Mark II models spawned several variations, each of them sedans but with different styling. The sportier Toyota Chaser and Toyota Cresta appeared in the late-1970s.
The Mark II found success as a private-use executive car in Japan. The Mark II and its variants often sold in numbers comparable to the smaller Toyota Corona and Toyota Corolla. Popularity peaked in the 1980s. The Mark II was available with engines ranging from a 1.8 liter straight-4 cylinder to a turbocharged 2.5-liter that pushed the 280 horsepower (209 kW) self-imposed limit of the Japanese auto industry.
Generation 1 (1968-1972) T60/T70 series
  |
|
| Production | 1968 -1972 |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan 4-door station wagon 2-door coupé |
| Length | 4,295 mm (169.1 in) |
| Width | 1,610 mm (63 in) |
| Height | 1,405 mm (55.3 in) |
| Fuel capacity | 13.7 US gallons (51.9 L; 11.4 imp gal) |
The Corona Mark II, was designed as a model line that was between the top model Crown and the Corona. Basically it's a slightly higher spec than a Corona, with many of the same features of the larger Crown. The four door sedan was designated as the T60 and the 2 door coupé the T70. In 1970 there were minor cosmetic changes in the front grille. The 1600cc 7R series engine was replaced by the 1700cc 6R series engine. A year later the 1500cc 2R models were replace by the 1600cc 12R engines.
US exported version for the same model year, often include the more powerful R series motors compared to other regions. While Japan and other markets often had 1.5L 2R (1500cc), 1.6L 7R/12R (1600cc) to 1.7L 6R (1700cc) models as well.
RT62 sedans and RT72 coupé features the 1.8L 8R (1900cc).
RT63 sedan, RT73 coupé, RT78/RT79 station wagons feature 2L 18R (2000cc)
Generation 2 (1972-1976) X10/X20 series
  |
|
| Production | 1972-1976 |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan 4-door station wagon 2-door coupé |
| Wheelbase | 2,645 mm (104.1 in) sedan 2,585 mm (101.8 in) wagon |
| Length | 4,325 mm (170.3 in) 4,399 mm (173.2 in) wagon |
| Width | 1,625 mm (64.0 in) |
| Height | 1,380 mm (54 in) sedan 1,389 mm (54.7 in) wagon |
| Curb weight | 1,080 kg (2,400 lb) sedan |
| Fuel capacity | 15.9 US gallons (60.2 L; 13.2 imp gal) |
The second generation Corona Mark II was based on a new X series platform abandoning the compact Corona T series chassis. X20's are referring to the 2-door sedans, while the X10's are the sedans and wagons. The i6 M was added to form the L series, in order to compete better with the Nissan Skyline. The dramatically different styling used on this series is similar to the Renault 16.
Available engine choices include
In 1973, there was a minor change. An entry level wagon was introduced with a 5-speed MT. EFI was introduced on the i4 2000 18R engine. The i4 1700 6 R engine was replaced by the 1800 16R.
In America
The Crown line of cars was no longer being exported due to poor sales. This left a gap in Toyota North America's line up, with only smaller compact cars. The second generation fortunately increased in size. The Corona Mark II would be the only sensible option for families transitioning from larger American Detroit cars in the midst of the oil crisis. In 1973 it was marketed in the US as a fully loaded car with few added options. Standard features include a 6 cylinder SOHC engine, 4 speed manual transmission, front disc brakes, heater defroster, bucket seats. Some available options are, 8-track audio, power steering, air conditioning and 3-speed automatic transmission.
Generation 3 (1976-1980) X30/X40 series
  |
|
| Production | 1976 -1980 |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan 4-door station wagon 2-door coupé |
| Wheelbase | 2,645 mm (104.1 in) |
| Length | 4,615 mm (181.7 in) |
| Width | 1,680 mm (66 in) |
| Height | 1,455 mm (57.3 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,215 kg (2,680 lb) |
| Related | Toyota Chaser Toyota Cressida |
The third generation was introduced with a more upscale European type design. The lines are a combination of the previous generations American with a British front end. In 1978, this model generation was the last cars that feature the Toyopet name. The Grande trim was added. Grande's feature 6 cylinder engines.
In 1998, Toyota released a car called Progres. The Progres front end looks sort of like an updated version of the X30/X40 series sedan. Example, both of them have a combination of round and squared lighting. The grille and bonnet also has similar shapes, size and lines.
Chaser
The Toyota Chaser was released in 1977. Based on the same chassis as the Mark II, they are very similar. The idea of the Chaser was a sportier version of the Mark II, often with more powerful engines, turbo, and different suspension setups. On an overview that are virtually identical, with slightly different packages of options.
Cressida
The Corona Mark II was sold overseas under the name Toyota Cressida, which was Toyota's flagship offering in the US and Australia. In Australia, the Cressida was withdrawn from sale in early 1993 on the X80 series so as not to compete against the new widebody Camry-Vienta, and Lexus ES300 and LS400. The Cressida was replaced by the first designed-for-America Toyota Avalon was introduced as Toyota's new US flagship.
Generation 4 (1980-1984) X60 series
  |
|
| Production | 1980-1984 |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan 4-door station wagon |
| Transmission(s) | 4-speed automatic 3-speed automatic 4-speed manual 5-speed manual |
| Wheelbase | 2,645 mm (104.1 in) |
| Length | 4,640 mm (183 in) |
| Width | 1,690 mm (67 in) |
| Height | 1,425 mm (56.1 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,225 kg (2,700 lb) |
| Related | Toyota Cresta Toyota Chaser Toyota Cressida |
The fourth generation Corona Mark II was launched in 1980. It was still badged as the Corona Mark II but many of the advertisement at the time simply refer to it as the Mark II. Power by either the 1G-EU, Turbo charged M-TEU, 5M-EU and fuel injected version of the 18R-G was available in the GT. A diesel version was also available. In 1982 the twin-cam 1G-GEU engine was added. In 1983 the automatic transmission was changed to the electronic controlled 4 speed.
This Mark II generation was considered successful spawning commercial, taxi and drivers training vehicles. This made the Mark II familiar to everyone in Japan, as just about everyones initial experience was learning to drive or riding in the taxis based on them. The Mark II was fairly common along with the Corona as a Taxi, until the release of the Crown Comfort in 1995.
Cresta
The Toyota Cresta was launched in 1980. Based on the same chassis as the Mark II, they are very similar. The goal of the Cresta was a higher class luxury version of the Mark II. Often available with two-tone paint and more interior convenience options. This ended up being more similar to the Cressida. The introduction of the Camry in the USA, transformed the Cressida into a near luxury car.
Generation 5 (1984-1988) X70 series
  |
|
| Production | 1984-1988 |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan 4-door station wagon |
| Engine(s) | 1.8L 4-cylinder 2.0L 4-cylinder 2.0L 6-cylinder 2.4L 4-cylinder diesel |
| Transmission(s) | 4-speed automatic 3-speed automatic 4-speed manual 5-speed manual |
| Wheelbase | 2,660 mm (105 in) |
| Length | 4,650 mm (183 in) |
| Width | 1,690 mm (67 in) |
| Height | 1,415 mm (55.7 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,280 kg (2,800 lb) |
| Related | Toyota Cresta Toyota Chaser Toyota Cressida |
The 1984 model dropped the Corona name and simply called Mark II. This generation Mark II had a lot of rivals including the Nissan Leopard. The Mark II continued to remain very viable for fleet sales, government agencies and taxi services.
There are two different variation of the Mark II; the Hardtop and the Standard. Visually they are different on the exterior while the interior remains untouched.
Exterior changes on the Hardtop version includes a slanted nose which requires a new grille, a thinner headlamp assembly that match the slanted nose, frameless door windows, thinner tail lamp, front fenders and bumper. Body panel is stamped different from the standard version.
The Standard version is exactly like the MX-73 Toyota Cressida. It does not have the aggressive slanted front end, conservative body panels and framed windows.
Station wagon/Van/Estate (1984-1997)
The station wagon version of the chassis was produced from 1984 to 1997. That's 13 years without a major reworking. Common usage of the wagons was for service industry. Examples include, bulkier local parcel delivery, electronic and mechanical repair shops. It was finally superseded with the Mark II Qualis. Based on the same platform as the Toyota Vista/Toyota Camry Gracia. The Qualis was than replaced by the Mark II Blit in 2002.
Generation 6 (1988-1992) X80 series
 |
|
| Production | 1988-1992 |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan |
| Wheelbase | 2,730 mm (107 in) |
| Length | 4,690 mm (185 in) |
| Width | 1,695 mm (66.7 in) |
| Height | 1,375 mm (54.1 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,480 kg (3,300 lb) |
| Related | Toyota Cresta Toyota Chaser Toyota Cressida |
First released in August 1988. The height of the car is lower than previous and generation. It's about the same height as the second generation Mark II.
The Grande G series in 1989 uses the 3.0L 7M-GE engine. Featuring Traction Control and ABS.
In 1990, 1JZ-GE and 1JZ-GTE (280ps) is first introduced on this generation replacing the 1G-GZE. The GT did not have MT transmission available, and were strictly AT.
After 1992, the X80 series continued to be produced for taxi fleet vehicles until 1995, when the Crown Comfort finally took over.
Generation 7 (1992-1996) X90 series
  |
|
| Production | 1992-1996 |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | Front engine, RWD/AWD |
| Engine(s) | 2.4 2L-TE turbo-diesel I4 1.8L 4S-FE petrol I4 2.0L 1G-FE petrol I6 2.5L 1JZ-GE petrol I6 3.0L 2JZ-GE petrol I6 2.5L 1JZ-GTE twin-turbo petrol I6 |
| Wheelbase | 2,730 mm (107 in) |
| Length | 4,750 mm (187 in) |
| Width | 1,750 mm (69 in) |
| Height | 1,390 mm (55 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,390 kg (3,100 lb) |
| Related | Toyota Cresta Toyota Chaser |
First released in October 1992, the Mark II was revised during the period. It received a new front bumper (including grill), rear bumpers and tail lights and some weight mainly do to regulations.
The X90's were available in six different trim levels. All trims came standard with fully automatic air conditioning and faux wood interior paneling. The base GL was available in either standard or automatic with a choice of a diesel or petrol 4-cylinder engine. The slightly more up-market Groire had the same engine and transmission options as the GL with more standard features over its inferior.
The next four trim levels featured only petrol straight sixes for engines and either rear- or all-wheel drive. The Grande was available with either a 2.0L 1G-FE or 2.5L 1JZ-GE and either a four speed automatic or 5-speed manual for 1G-equipped Mark II Grandes. The Grande was otherwise identical to the Groire in terms of options and equipment. The Grande G was available with either the aforementioned 1JZ or a 3.0L 2JZ-GE mated to an automatic transmission and came with ABS and traction control standard.
The Tourer S came with a 1JZ-GE engine, 4-speed automatic and several options either standard (such as ABS and control) or not present (a factory limited-slip differential) in either the Grande or Grande G.
Lastly, the Tourer V had a reinforced body, sport suspension, and a twin-turbo 280 horsepower (210 kW) 2.5 liter 1JZ-GTE inline 6 engine. It also came from the factory with, traction control, ABS, an optional torsen LSD and optional 5-speed manual transmission. The Mark II Tourer V was a popular choice among tuners, enthusiasts, and drifters.
The hardtop approach was used on various segments of core Toyota sedans by offering a more upscale hardtop version. These cars were offered for consumers who wanted the luxurious approach offered by the Toyota Crown hardtop and sedan, as well as the Mark II (4-door hardtop), Cresta (4-door sedan) and Chaser (4-door hardtop and performance enhancements), and the next segment down on the Corona and Carina, called the Toyota Corona EXiV and the Toyota Carina ED, with the Toyota Corolla Ceres and the Toyota Sprinter Marino at the lowest segment, which were all offered at reduced prices and tax liability based on the vehicles size. The various versions were sold at different Toyota dealerships dedicated to particular models.
Generation 8 (1996-2000) X100 series
  |
|
| Production | 1996-2000 |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | Front engine, RWD/AWD |
| Engine(s) | 2.4L 2L-TE turbo-diesel I4 2.0L 1G-FE petrol I6 2.5L 1JZ-GE petrol I6 2.5L 1JZ-GTE turbocharged petrol I6 3.0L 2JZ-GE petrol I6 |
| Wheelbase | 2,730 mm (107 in) |
| Length | 4,760 mm (187 in) |
| Width | 1,755 mm (69.1 in) |
| Height | 1,400 mm (55 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,480 kg (3,300 lb) |
| Related | Toyota Cresta Toyota Chaser |
Like its predecessor, the X100 series Toyota Mark II was available in multiple trim levels. New for this production run was the introduction of all-wheel drive to Grande and Grande G as well as the use of Toyota's new VVTi system on its engines. Also new this year was the standardization of ABS and a new electronic traction control system. The Groire trim level was also dropped for this production run.
The base GL came with only the 2.4L 2L-TE turbo-diesel I4 mated to a 4-speed automatic. It came with basic features like power windows and door locks and automatic air-conditioning, but sportier options were only available on higher-level trims. However, traction control and ABS were available as options.
The Grande trim levels had a plethora of options and features available not limited to but including tilt-steering, standard ABS, traction control and AWD. The base Grande was powered by either the 2.0L 1G-FE inline 6 mated to a 5-speed manual transmission or 4-speed automatic, the 2.4L 2L-TE mated to a 4-speed auto from the GL or the 2.5L 1JZ-GE turning a 4-speed automatic as well. New for 1996 was the Grande Four: a four-wheel drive variant of the Grande, it was powered by the 1JZ-GE and mated to a 4-speed automatic transmission sending power to all wheels via a center differential. The Grande G's were available with either a 1JZ- or 2JZ-GE and a 4-speed automatic. The "G package" included leather anointments for the steering wheel and seats as well as power front seats. A Grande G Four was also offered with the 1JZ engine, 4-speed auto transmission and all-wheel drive.
The Tourer trim level carried on from the X90 series in both Tourer S and Tourer V. The Tourer S was powered by a naturally aspirated 1JZ-GE and mated to a 4-speed automatic. The Tourer V received some noticeable tweaks from its X90 series counterpart: along with the implementation of ETCS and VVTi, the engine now received forced induction through one large turbocharger as opposed to two smaller ones in a parallel configuration. According to Toyota, this smoothed out the torque curve allowing the engine to deliver more torque at a lower RPM and with VVTi, improved the car's fuel economy.
Generation 9 (2000-2004) X110 series
 |
|
| Production | 2000-2004 |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan 4-door station wagon |
| Layout | Front engine, RWD/AWD |
| Engine(s) | 2.0L 1G-FE petrol I6 2.5L 1JZ-GE petrol I6 2.5L 1JZ-FSE direct inject petrol I6 2.5L 1JZ-GTE turbocharged petrol I6 |
| Wheelbase | 2,780 mm (109 in) |
| Length | 4,735 mm (186.4 in) |
| Width | 1,760 mm (69 in) |
| Height | 1,460 mm (57 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,530 kg (3,400 lb) |
| Related | Toyota Verossa |
 |
This article may need to be rewritten entirely to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The discussion page may contain suggestions. (July 2009) |
A 35th Anniversary REGALIA edition was reintroduced. Often called Grande 35th.
Direct translation from the ninth generation Toyota Mark II article listed at Japanese Wikipedia
Mark II was the last model of the X110 series, the mean 4-door hardtop, Crown (S170 series) of the common chassis and switch to a four-door sedan.
Chaser and Cresta and the abolition of the sister car. VEROSSA appeared as a substitute on the market sister car instead.
Past the tall body, the headlight's thickness, the volume it past the design and the landscape-portrait in reversal of the past from the taillight. The high rating can be raised in the room, tail Mercedes-Benz C-Class are pointed out from the copycats.
Grade全車to the "grande" is marked, the old Grande system, equipped with the 2.5 turbo from the G-tb 2.5 Grande Grande Grande G 2.5 and 2.0 Grande. Sports TSUARA (Tourer) the title has been discontinued, and the Grande iR-V Grande iR-S was called.
Engine, 1G-FE (VVT-i) 1JZ-FSE (VVT-i) 1JZ-GE (VVT-i) 1JZ-GTE (VVT-i) is the line-up. From this generation model with the 2.5L that was fuel-by-wire 1JZ engine.
5-speed MT 2.5iR-V is set only.
Sky Hook先代TEMS TEMS was adopted instead of Infinity.
2002 October, minor changes. Changing the headlights and rear combination lamps. Sports and grade Grande iR-V, Grande iR-S simply by iR-V, iR-S and the new of the 1G-FE-ir has been added, 2.5 Grande G-tb is abolished.
REGARIA (Regalia) a special edition, 35th Anniversary, which appears limited.
Mark II Blit (2002-2007)
The rear wheel drive Mark II Blit was introduced in 2002, replacing the front wheel drive Mark II Qualis.
next generation
VEROSSA (2001-2004)
Sales began to slide as customers moved toward minivans, SUVs, and sometimes kei cars in light of Japan's extended economic slump. Toyota began reconstructing its luxury sedan line, eliminating the Chaser and Cresta and introducing new nameplates such as the Toyota Verossa, and the slightly smaller Toyota Progres, Toyota Brevis. Sales did not improve with the Verossa, while the other models did slightly better but unspectacular, they were later discontinued in 2007.
Mark X (2004-current)
The latest Mark II was released in 2004, renamed the Mark X. This redesign is a consciously more sporting effort in an attempt to revive the nameplate. The Mark X model being sold in Japan is fitted with the 2.5L 4GR-FSE and 3.0L 3GR-FSE
External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Toyota Mark II |
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
