LR Ixtaccíhuatl, Popocatépetl, Matlalcueitl (Malinche), Cofre de Perote (most distant), Pico de Orizaba, Sierra Negra
- For other topics with the same name, see "Sierra Nevada".
The Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Eje Volcánico Transversal) also known locally as Sierra Nevada,[1] is a volcanic belt that extends 900 km from west to east across central-southern Mexico. Several of its highest peaks have snow all year long, and during clear weather, they are visible to a large proportions of those who live in Mexico on the many high plateaus from which these volcanoes rise.
From the west, it runs from Jalisco east through northern Michoacán, southern Guanajuato, southern Querétaro, México State, southern Hidalgo, the Distrito Federal, northern Morelos, Puebla and Tlaxcala, to central Veracruz. The Mexican Plateau lies to the north, bounded by the Sierra Madre Occidental to the west and Sierra Madre Oriental to the east. The Cofre de Perote and Pico de Orizaba volcanoes, in Puebla and Veracruz, mark the meeting of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt with the Sierra Madre Oriental. To the south, the basin of the Balsas River lies between the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and the Sierra Madre del Sur. This area is also a distinct physiographic province of the larger Sierra Madre System physiographic division.
The highest point, also the highest point in Mexico, is Pico de Orizaba (5636 m) also known as Citlaltépetl, located at 19°01′N 97°16′W / 19.017°N 97.267°W. This, and several of the other high peaks, are active or dormant volcanoes; other notable volcanoes in the range include (from west to east) Nevado de Colima (4339 m), Parícutin (2774 m), Nevado de Toluca (4577 m), Popocatépetl (5452 m), Iztaccíhuatl (5286 m), Matlalcueitl (4461 m) Cofre de Perote (4282 m) and Sierra Negra, a companion of the Pico de Orizaba (4580 m).
The mountains are home to the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests, one of the Mesoamerican pine-oak forests ecoregions.
References
- A. Gómez-Tuena, Ma.T. Orozco-Esquivel, and L. Ferrari Igneous Petrogenesis of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, Ch 5, pp. 129-182, in Susana A. Alaniz-Álvarez and Angel F. Nieto-Samaniego, eds., Geology of México, Geological Society of America Special Paper 422, 2007 ISBN 978-0813724225
External links
- Mexico Volcanoes and Volcanics USGS
- Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests (World Wildlife Fund)
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