Tyrothricin

Tyrothricin

Systematic (IUPAC) name
?
Identifiers
CAS number	1404-88-2
ATC code	D06AX08 R02AB02 S01AA05
PubChem	452550
Chemical data
Formula	C65H85N11O13
Mol. mass	1228,44 g·mol−1
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Metabolism	?
Half life	?
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status
Routes	?

Tyrothricin is a cyclic polypeptide-antibiotic mixture from Bacillus brevis^[1]. It is a locally effective antibiotic effective against gram-positive bacteria. It is sometimes combined with benzocaine 5mg to provide relief from sore throats. In systemic intake can lead to severe side effects, therefore, the use is limited to topical application.

Tyrothricin belongs pharmacologically closely related compounds such as colistin, polymyxin B and bacitracin to the group of polypeptide antibiotics. There are no cross-resistance to these three agents.

Effect

Tyrothricin inhibits protein biosynthesis of gram-positive organisms, but is completely ineffective against gram-negative.

Application

The most common area of application is inflammation of the throat, gastric mucosa, and angina. Condition for the application is that the mucous membrane itself is still intact, so there is no contact with the bloodstream and therefore no risk of systemic absorption.

Side-effects

Known hypersensitivity reactions are common, temporary loss of balance (see Vestibular system) and nephrotoxic effects, ie Impairment of renal function. There are no long term studies about its effect on pregnancy and lactation.

Trade names

Separate preparations: Limexx (AT), Tyrosur (DE)

Compunds: Citropain (CH), Dorithricin (DE, AT), Lemocin (DE, AT, CH), Mebucaine (CH), Mebucasol (CH), Otothricinol (CH), Sangerol (CH), Solmucaine (CH), TYroqualin (CH) and generic (AT, CH), Tyrozets (UK)

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