Virunga National Park

Virunga National Park*
UNESCO World Heritage Site
State Party	Democratic Republic of the Congo
Type	Natural
Criteria	vii, viii, x
Reference	63
Region†	Africa
Inscription History
Inscription	1979  (3rd Session)
Endangered	1994-
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List. † Region as classified by UNESCO.

The Virunga National Park (formerly Albert National Park) lies from the Virunga Mountains, to the Rwenzori Mountains, in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, bordering Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda and Rwenzori Mountains National Park in Uganda. Covering 7,800 km² it was established in 1925 as Africa's first national park. It was classified as a World Heritage Site in 1979. In later years it has become known for its mountain gorillas, although poaching and the Congo Civil War have seriously damaged its wildlife population. The park is managed by the Congolese National Park Authorities, the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN).

The national park covers the western shores of Lake Edward, known for its hippopotamuses (depleted by more than 95 percent in 2006^[1]) while elsewhere, marshland, grassland plateau and plains dominate the park. The Ruwenzori Mountains lie on the Ugandan border and rise to alpine meadows and a glacier, while Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira are both active volcanoes with substantial associated lava plains.

Although mountain gorillas are now extremely rare, successful conservation work has secured the remaining populations. In fact, they increased during the years of political upheaval in the region (1994-2004). It is believed that both savanna and forest elephants and chimpanzees can still be found in Virunga, along with Okapi, giraffes, buffaloes and many endemic birds. The neighbouring Mount Hoyo area was managed with the park and is home to a population of Bambuti Pygmy people, caves and waterfalls, but since the civil wars, the park has suffered somewhat. Land invasions and intense poaching have challenged the park authorities to the limit, but most rangers have remained active. Since 1994, about 120 rangers have been killed in the line of duty protecting the park from illegal poaching and land acquisition.^[2]

External links

• UNESCO Virunga National Park Site
• UNEP-WCMC Natural Site Data Sheet
• Roundup of conservation organizations in Virunga
• Blogs from the Park Rangers in Virunga National Park
• UNEP-WCMC info on Virunga National Park

References

1. ^ Hippos Butchered by the Hundreds in Congo Wildlife Park (National Geographic article)
2. ^ Gorilla Warfare (Newsweek article)

World Heritage Sites in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Garamba National Park · Kahuzi-Biega National Park · Okapi Wildlife Reserve · Salonga National Park · Virunga National Park

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