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White Book of Rhydderch

 
Celtic Mythology: White Book of Rhydderch

[Welsh Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch]

Great collection of medieval Welsh prose, copied on parchment c.1325, containing versions of the Mabinogi and all the other narratives included in the Mabinogion, except Breuddwyd Rhonabwy [The Dream of Rhonabwy], and many religious texts. In compiling her translation, The Mabinogion (1846), Lady Charlotte Guest relied on the later Red Book of Hergest (c.1382–1410). The transcriber of the White Book is not known, but dialect evidence suggests he was from Deheubarth in south-western Wales. The name Rhydderch alludes both to Parc Rhydderch, a house where poetry was patronized, and to Rhydderch ab Ieuan Llwyd, master of Parc Rhydderch, who apparently owned the Book in the late 14th century. The White Book, now in two volumes, was rebound in white leather in 1940 at the National Library of Wales, where it is now kept. See J. Gwenogvryn Evans, The White Book Mabinogion (Pwllheli, 1907); Rachel Bromwich et al. (eds.), The Arthur of the Welsh (Cardiff, 1991), 9 ff.

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The White Book of Rhydderch (Welsh: Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch) is one of the most notable and celebrated manuscripts in Welsh. Written in the middle of the fourteenth century (ca. 1350) it is the earliest collection of Welsh prose texts, though it also contains some examples of early Welsh poetry. It is now part of the collection of the National Library of Wales, having been preserved in the library of the seventeenth-century antiquary Robert Vaughan and passed to his descendants.

What was one manuscript has now been bound as two separate volumes and are known as Peniarth MS 4 and Peniarth MS 5. Peniarth MS 4 contains the Welsh tales now collectively known as the Mabinogion, and Peniarth MS 5 (the first part of the original manuscript) contains Christian religious texts in Welsh, mostly translated from Latin.

The White Book was copied in the mid-fourteenth century, most probably for Rhydderch ab Ieuan Llwyd (ca. 1325-1400) from Parcrhydderch in the parish of Llangeitho in Ceredigion. Rhydderch, who came from a family with a long tradition of literary patronage, held posts under the English Crown but was also an authority on native Welsh law. The hands of five scribes have been identified in the manuscripts, very likely working in Strata Florida Abbey, not far from Rhydderch's home.

Sources

  • 'White Book of Rhydderch'. In Meic Stephens (Ed.) (1998), The new companion to the literature of Wales. Cardiff : University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-7083-1383-3.
  • Parry, Thomas (1955), A history of Welsh literature. Translated by H. Idris Bell. Oxford : Clarendon Press.

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Copyrights:

Celtic Mythology. A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology. Copyright © James MacKillop 1998, 2004. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "White Book of Rhydderch" Read more