(b Leamington, 26 April 1914). English composer and writer on music.He studied at Cambridge (1933-8) and had composition lessons from Wellesz and Rubbra in Oxford; he taught at Cambridge (1945-8), Birmingham (1948-59), Pittsburgh (1960-63) and York (1964-82). His large, varied output belongs within an English visionary tradition going back through Britten and Tippett, Blake and the high Baroque, to medieval esoterism, though he has also been influenced by the openness of American music, on which he has written with wide-ranging enthusiasm. His books include a pioneering study of Couperin, many stimulating works on the Beatles and other popular topics, and volumes on Bach and Beethoven.


