Wikipedia:
William de Corbeil |
| William de Corbeil | |
|---|---|
|
Archbishop of Canterbury |
|
| Enthroned | February 18, 1123 |
| Ended | November 21, 1136 |
| Predecessor | Ralph d'Escures |
| Successor | Theobald of Bec |
| Died | November 21, 1136 |
William de Corbeil (c. 1070– 1136) was a medieval archbishop of Canterbury.
Life
He was born probably at Corbeil on the Seine, and was educated at Laon. He had two brothers, Ranulf and Helgot, but nothing else is known about his parents or upbringing.
He was soon in the service of Ranulf Flambard, bishop of Durham and also Richard de Beaumis bishop of London; then, having entered the Augustinian order at St. Martin's in Dover, he became prior of the Augustinian foundation at St Osyth in Essex.[1][2][3]
After the death of Ralph d'Escures in October of 1122, King Henry I decided to allow a free election, and the new primate was chosen by the leading men of
the realm, both ecclesiastical and secular.[4] On February 4, 1123 William was chosen from among several
candidates to be archbishop of Canterbury,[5] and as he refused to admit that Thurstan, archbishop of York, was independent of the see of
Canterbury, Thurstan refused to consecrate him. Instead, the ceremony was
performed by William's own
The archbishop's next dispute was with the papal legate of the new Pope Honorius II, Cardinal John of Crema, who had arrived in England and was acting in an autocratic manner.[8] Again travelling to Rome, William gained another victory, and was himself appointed papal legate in England and Scotland by Honorius II in 1126,[3] a precedent of considerable importance in the history of the English Church. As far as ecclesiatical matters, William called legatine councils in 1125, 1127 and 1129 all at Winchester. The one in 1125 met under the direction of John of Crema, and prohibited simony, purchase of the sacraments, and inheriting clerical benefices. In 1127 the council condemned the purchase of benefices, entry to clerical orders, and of entry to religious houses. Lastly, in 1129 the clergy were once more admonished to live a celibate life and to put aside their wives.[9] The festival of the Conception was also allowed at one of these councils.[10] William also seems to have been somewhat eclipsed in ecclesiastical administration and appointments by Roger of Salisbury, Bishop of Salisbury and King Henry's primary advisor.[11]
William built the keep of Rochester Castle,[12] and finished the building of the cathedral at Canterbury, which was dedicated with great pomp in May 1130. The work at Rochester was built within the stone curtain walls that Gundulf of Rochester had errected in the late eleventh century. William built a stone keep within the walls for King Henry. The keep was not only designed for defense, but also had comfortable living quarters, which were probably intended for the use of the Archbishops when they visited Rochester.[13] In 1127, the custody of Rocherster Castle was granted to William and his successors as archbishop by King Henry, including the right to fortify the place as the archbishops wished, and the right to garrison the castle with their own men.[14]
The archbishop had sworn to Henry I that he would support the claim of his daughter Matilda to the English crown, but nevertheless he crowned Stephen after Henry's death.[2] He was persuaded to do so by Henry of Blois, Bishop of Winchester and Stephen's brother, and it was this persuasion that lead to Stephen's crowning on December 22, 1135.[15] William did not long outlive Henry, as he died at Canterbury on November 21 1136.[5]
Notes
- ^ Knowles Heads of Religious Houses p. 183
- ^ a b Barlow The English Church 1066-1154 p. 85
- ^ a b Barlow The English Church 1066-1154 p. 44-45
- ^ Cantor Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture 1089-1135 p. 282
- ^ a b c Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 210
- ^ Knowles The Monastic Order in England p. 175
- ^ quoted in Bartlett England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings p. 399
- ^ a b quoted in Cantor Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture 1089-1135 p. 312-313
- ^ Cantor Chuch, Kingship, and Lay Investiture 1089-1135 p. 275-276
- ^ Barlow The English Church 1066-1154 p. 195
- ^ Cantor Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture 1089-1135 p. 299
- ^ Bartlett England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings p. 277
- ^ Platt The Castle in Medieval England & Wales p. 23-24
- ^ DuBoulay The Lordship of Canterbury p. 80
- ^ Huscroft Ruling England 1042-1217 p. 72
References
- Barlow, Frank The English Church 1066-1154 London:Longman 1979 ISBN 0-582-50236-5
- Bartlett, Robert England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings: 1075-1225 Oxford:Clarendon Press 2000 ISBN 0-19-822741-8
- Cantor, Norman F. Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture in England 1089-1135 Princeton, NJ:Princeton University Press 1958
- DuBoulay, F. R. H. The Lordship of Canterbury: An Essay on Medieval Society New York: Barnes & Noble 1966
- Huscroft, Richard Ruling England 1042-1217 London: Pearson Longman 2005 ISBN 0-582-84882-2
- Knowles, Dom David The Monastic Order in England: From the Times of St. Dunstan to the Fourth Lateran Council Second Edition Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1976 reprint ISBN 0-521-05479-6
- Knowles, David; Brooke C. N. L.; and London, Vera C. M. THe Heads of Religious Houses: England and Wales 940-1216 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1972 ISBN 0-521-08367-2
- Platt, Colin The Castle in Medieval England & Wales reprint New York:Barnes & Noble Books 1996 ISBN 0-76070-054-0
- Powicke, F. Maurice and E. B. Fryde Handbook of British Chronology 2nd. ed. London:Royal Historical Society 1961
Sources
- W. F. Hook, Lives of the Archbishops of Canterbury (1860?1884)
- W. R. W. Stephens, History of the English Church (1901)
- Frank Barlow, "William de Corbeil", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004)
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
- The historical works of Gervase of Canterbury, ed. W. Stubbs, 2 vols., Rolls Series, 73 (1879–80)
- Symeon of Durham, Opera
- Hugh the Chanter: the history of the church of York, 1066–1127, ed. and trans. C. Johnson, rev. edn, rev. M. Brett, C. N. L. Brooke, and M. Winterbottom, OMT (1990)
- J.-P. Migne, ed., Patrologia Latina, 217 vols. (1844–55), 977
- Alexander, ‘Alexandri monachi Cantuariensis liber ex dictis Beati Anselmi: miracula’, ed. R. W. Southern and F. S. Schmitt, Memorials of St Anselm (1969), 266–8
- K. R. Potter and R. H. C. Davis, eds., Gesta Stephani, OMT (1976)
- Willelmi Malmesbiriensis monachi de gestis pontificum Anglorum libri quinque, ed. N. E. S. A. Hamilton, Rolls Series, 52 (1870)
- John of Worcester, Chron.
- Henry, archdeacon of Huntingdon, Historia Anglorum, ed. D. E. Greenway, OMT (1996)
- D. Whitelock, M. Brett, and C. N. L. Brooke, eds., Councils and synods with other documents relating to the English church, 871–1204, 2 (1981)
- R. Foreville, L'église et la royauté en Angleterre sous Henri II Plantagenet, 1154–1189 (Paris, 1943) · D. Bethell, ‘William of Corbeil and the Canterbury–York dispute’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 19 (1968), 145–59 · D. L. Bethell, ‘English Black monks and episcopal elections in the 1120s’, EngHR, 84 (1969), 673–98
- R. Anstruther, ed., Epistolae Herberti de Losinga, Osberti de Clara, et Edmeri (1846)
See also
List of Archbishops of Canterbury
| Catholic Church titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Ralph d'Escures |
Archbishop of
Canterbury 1123–1136 |
Succeeded by Theobald of Bec (in 1139) |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | William of Corbeil |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Prior of St. Osyth, Archbishop of Canterbury |
| DATE OF BIRTH | c. 1070 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 21, 1136 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Canterbury |
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
