The command 'pwd' will identify the full path of the present working directory.

pwd - means print working directory, which is always the current directory.

Use the 'cd' command without any target; that always puts you in the home directory which becomes by default the working directory.

The root directory is the top level directory of the entire file system. Every branch starts from there.

The current working directory is where you happen to be in the tree at the moment. If the root is always "/" and my process is in the directory /usr/local/bin/test/data, then the root directory is still "/" and my working directory is currently /usr/local/bin/test/data

The command pwd displays your current/present working directory.