Wrangel's Fleet was the last remnant of the Black Sea Fleet of the Imperial Russian Navy which existed between 1920 and 1924. This squadron took the White side in the Russian Civil War. It was also known as the Russian Squadron (Русская Эскадра).
History
In late 1920 the last remnant of anti-Bolshevik resistance in Europe was confined to the Crimea and commanded by Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel. In November 1920 the Bolsheviks overran the White position and the White forces evacuated to Turkey. The fleet re-organised under the command of Rear Admiral Mikhail Alexandrovich Kedrov and was granted asylum by France. The fleet moved to Bizerta in Tunisia by February 1921 and was interned there under the command of Rear Admiral Mikhail Berens. As well as the crews of the ships the Russian community included 4,500 civilian refugees.
The French Government recognised the Soviet Union in 1924 and handed ownership of the ships to the Soviets. A technical commission under the leadership of Alexei Krylov arrived in Bizerta in December and found the warships unrepairable. They were therefore scrapped locally. Many of the sailors of the fleet settled in France as White Emigres.
Composition of the Russian Squadron
- Battleships
- Cruisers
- Destroyers
- Kapitan Saken
- Bespokoyiny
- Derzkiy
- Gnevny
- Pylkiy
- Tserigo
- Zharkiy
- Zvonkiy
- Zorkiy
- Submarines
- Tyulen
- Burevestnik
- AG-22
- Utka
- Gunboats
- Vsadnik
- Dzhigit
- Gaidamak
- Strazh
- Grozny
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References
In Russian Language
- Колупаев В. Е. Русский флот в Африке // Военно-исторический архив. — М., 2002, N 8 (32). — с. 26.
- Панова М. Русский Тунис //Русская мысль. — Париж, 1998, N 4247 (02.12).- с. 14
- Бизертинский «Морской сборник». 1921—1923 : указ. ст. : биографии авт. / Рос. фонд культуры; сост. В. В. Лобыцын. — М. : Пашков дом, 2000. — 39 с : ил., портр.
- Горячкин Г. В. Русская эмиграция в Египте и Тунисе (1920—1939) / Г. В. Горячкин, Т. Г. *
- Узники Бизерты : док. повести о жизни рус. моряков в Африке в 1920-25 гг. / сост. и предисл. Сергей Власов; ред. Наталья Алексеева. — М. : Рос. отд-ние Ордена св. Константина Великого, 1998. — 272 с, [8] л. цв. ил. : ил. — Из содерж: О крымской эвакуации : Фрагмент воспоминаний / Ген. П. Н. Врангель. «Поход в Бизерту» : Фрагмент воспоминаний / П. А. Варнек. «Что было потом, после Бизерты» : Фрагмент воспоминаний / Н. Аленникова. Бизерский крест : очерк / Н. Андреев. Осколок Империи : очерк / Н. Черкашин.
- Ширинская А. А. Бизерта. Последняя стоянка / А. А. Ширинская. — СПб. : Отечество, 2003. — 343 с, [8] л. цв. ил. : ил., портр.
- Языков Г. Л. Эвакуация Черноморского флота из Крыма в Бизерту в 1920 году // Новый часовой. — 1996. — N 4. — С. 160—166
- Голгофа русской эскадры
- Монастырева Галли. Бизерта. Площадь Анастасии Ширинской
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