Yigael Yadin (Hebrew: יגאל
ידין, born Yigal Sukenik (Hebrew: יגאל סוקניק) on 20 March
1917, died 28 June 1984) was an
Israeli archeologist, politician, and the second
Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces.
Biography
Early life and military career
Yadin was born in 1917 to noted archeologist Eliezer Sukenik. He joined the
Haganah at age fifteen and served there in a variety of different capacities. In
1946, however, he left the Haganah following an argument with its commander Yitzhak Sadeh over the inclusion of a machine gun as part of standard
squad equipment. He was a university student when, in 1947, shortly before the State of Israel
declared its independence, he was called back to active service by David Ben-Gurion. He
served in various positions during Israel's War of Independence, and was
responsible for many of the key decisions made during the course of that war.
Yadin was appointed Chief of Staff of the IDF on November 9, 1949, following the resignation of Yaakov Dori, and served in that capacity
for three years. He resigned on December 7, 1952, over
disagreements with then prime minister and defense minister David Ben-Gurion about cuts
to the military budget. By age thirty-five, he had completed his military career.
Archaeology
Upon leaving the military, he devoted himself to research and began his life's work in archeology. In 1956 he received the Israel Prize for his doctoral thesis on the translation of the Dead Sea Scrolls. As an archeologist, he excavated some of the most important sites in the region,
including the Qumran Caves, Masada, Hazor, and Tel Megiddo. He considered the Solomonic Gate at Tel Gezer to be
the highpoint of his career. He was sometimes forced to deal with the theft of important artifacts, occasionally by prominent
political and military figures. In one instance, where the thefts were commonly attributed to the famous one-eyed general
Moshe Dayan, he remarked: "I know who did it, and I am not going to say who it is, but if I
catch him, I'll poke out his other eye too."
Even as an archeologist, Yadin never completely abandoned public life. On the eve of the Six-Day
War, he served as a military adviser to prime minister Levi Eshkol, and following the
Yom Kippur War, he was a member of the Agranat
Commission that investigated the actions that led to the war.
Political career
In 1976 Yadin formed the Democratic Movement
for Change, commonly known by its Hebrew acronym Dash, together with Professor Amnon Rubinstein, Shmuel Tamir, Meir
Amit, Meir Zorea, and many other prominent public figures. The new party seemed to be
an ideal solution for many Israelis who were fed up with alleged corruption in the Alignment (the major party in Israel at the time), which included the Asher Yadlin incident, the suicide of Housing Minister Avraham Ofer, and
Leah Rabin's illegal dollar account in the United
States. Furthermore, Dash was a response to the increasing sense of frustration and despair in the aftermath of the 1973
war, and the social and political developments that followed in its wake. Many people regarded Yadin, a warrior and a scholar, as
the quintessential prototype of the ideal Israeli, untainted by corruption, who could lead the country on a new path.
In the 1977 elections, the new party did remarkably well for its
first attempt to enter the Knesset, winning 15 of the 120 seats. As a result of the election,
Likud party leader Menachem Begin was able to form a
coalition with Dash, thereby excluding the left for the first time in Israel's history. As the new Deputy Prime Minister, Yadin played a pivotal role in many events that took place, particularly
the contacts with Egypt, which eventually led to the signing of the Camp David Accords and the peace treaty between Israel and its neighbor. Nevertheless, Dash itself
proved to be a failure, and the party broke up into numerous splinter factions; Yadin joined the Democratic Movement, but it too split up and he sat as an independent MK for the remainder
of his term. He retired from politics in 1981.
He died in 1984. The Israeli actor Yossi Yadin was his brother.
Sources
- Neil A. Silberman "A Prophet from Amongst You: The Life of Yigael Yadin, Soldier, Scholar, and Mythmaker of Modern Israel"
Addison Wesley (1994).
See also
External link
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