All of them. While some like herpes are less likely to infect unless active, it is still possible.
Some can. some can't.
Some that can are passed in the uterus, others can only be passed during a vaginal delivery.
HIV infection lies in DNA of the nucleus of the cell. Normally no cells pass from mother to fetus. There is layer of placenta to prevent this. But this barrier is broken during the delivery. There is mixing of blood from the mother and fetus. So your doctor will like to go for Caesarean section delivery in such case. She will give some drugs also to prevent the risk of HIV transmission.HIV does not pass from mother to foetus during the pregnancy. Blood of mother and foetus is not get mixed in such cases. It can pass during the normal delivery, when the mother's blood can get mixed with the blood of foetus. That is why the delivery by operation is indicated in such cases. Your doctor will give you some medication to minimize the risk.
No, you cannot pass Antiphospholipid syndrome to a surrogate mother who is carrying your baby. You can pass it onto your unborn baby though.
There is little chance of a mother infecting a baby with gonorrhea after birth. For humans already born, gonorrhea can only be transmitted from genital-genital or oral-genital contact.Gonorrhea can still be transmitted via fluids even if a man does not ejaculate. Gonorrhea can also be spread from an untreated mother to her baby during childbirth.
oxygen
it passes oxygen and nutrients
Obstetrics is the field where you are dealing with mothers who are expecting babies, and helping them with their personal care in the time that is leading up to the delivery. These nurses are the ones that help with the labor and delivery of the baby(ies). They are the ones that work on the babies that come out of the mother. If needed the obstetrics nurse would pass the baby off to the neonatology team if there should be any specific problems with the baby.
Drugs in the mother's bloodstream pass across the membrane of the placenta, and transfer to the unborn baby's blood by the umbilical cord, which connects the baby to the placenta.
Vagina
vagina
It is a normal phenomena for the fetus to pass the urine. The same is swallowed by the baby. The process continue till birth of the baby. Baby does not pass the feces in the womb. Fetus may pass the feces in the womb, when it is in some sort of stress. It can have serous consequences. That is an indication for delivery by operation.
If the mother has proper medical care, it is possible that the baby can be born without HIV. The mother could not breast feed.
pelvic outlet