No, they cannot. Only a little over 50% of the moon's surface can be observed from earth, and observations must be made over a period of about 15 years in order to observe the maximum amount of surface.
Not unless your telescope was incredibly huge or in orbit around the moon itself. From the Earth, you would need a telescope with a mirror over 300 feet in diameter to resolve the Apollo artifacts.
No. there are no telescopes (not even the orbiting Hubble or even the next generation of orbiting telescopes) that have long enough focal length or high enough resolution to resolve footprints on the Moon.
Over the course of the moon phases. yes. all at once no. However there is a eclipse tonight 11/28/2012 don't miss it
No
Objects in the Oort cloud have never actually been observed; they are more theoretical that actual at this point. The problem is that they are so far away - hundreds or thousands of AU away - that they are invisible in our current telescopes. This will probably change as telescopes of greater and greater power are developed. That said, there is no reason why an Oort Cloud object of sufficient size should not have moons. Asteroids have moons; Pluto has three moons. It's just that we haven't seen them yet.
The moon has plenty of gravity. In accordance with its mass and radius, any object weighs about 16.5% as much on the moon's surface as it does on the Earth's surface.
We only see one part of the surface, at any time the moons faces occur.
Yes it is
rocks and comets are attracted by moons gravity, so they crash
craters
craters
Rilles
The moon is mostly covered with craters.
Europa...
Yes
the holes in the moons surface are where astroids hit the moons surface
everyone nose that the moon is made out of cheese, but what most people don't know is there are nachos deep in the core
The very largest impact features on the Moon are the enormous impact basins: great circular plains from 300 to more than a thousand kilometers across
Earth's shadow on the moon proved that earth wasn't flat. When galileo first turned his telescope to the moon, he found a surface scarred by craters and maria. Before that time, many people believed that all planetary bodies were "perfect" without surface features.
It has changed because we have better telescopes and rocket probes to find them.
MarsYou have listed three features of the planet; rocky surface, hot temperature, and 2 moons. While Mars is a terrestrial planet (has a rocky surface) and has 2 moons (Phobos and Deimos), you're wrong on the last feature, in which you have written that Mars has hot temperature conditions. This is wrong, because the temperature on Mars is usually well below zero.