Yes, you can.
These are molds and it is best not to eat them.
Mold-no
It is safe for some animals. Dogs, hamsters, horses, if a cat does eat cauliflower then it is fine for them also.
That depends on what the black spots are.
RAW cauliflower is safe for bearded dragons in small portions and on rare occasions. Cauliflower contains Goitrogens which mess with iodine and causes issues with the thyroid gland.
Gerbils can eat cauliflower, being herbivores.
Flower
Incidentally, you Can not
It's caused by a harmless chemical forming in them. They are perfectly safe to eat.
Okra that has black spots should not be eaten. Okra pods will be green and firm when they are fresh.
Ours do!
Yes. I have done it more than once.