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Increased diameter of the arterioles decreases rather increases blood pressure. The heart rate also lowers as the heart does not have to pump blood as hard to get it to flow through the wider the arterioles.

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9y ago
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11y ago

Arterioles (and arteries) are lined with a type of muscle called smooth muscle. They are designed to contrict under certain circumstances in response to environmental conditions that the body encounters. Most commonly, this refers to temperature changes. As the temperature rises, the muscles relax causing additional blood to flow to the extremeties so that the body can more efficiently cool itself. This will DECREASE blood pressure, since the heart is now pumping the same amount of blood through a larger area. The opposite is true when it's cold out.

These muscles will also constrict in response to severe blood loss. In the case of severe bleeding, blood pressure will decrease since there is less blood being pumped through the same volume. Smooth muscles in arteries and arterioles will contract, thereby decreasing the volume in which the blood can flow and, hopefully, keeping blood pressure high enough to sustain life.

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Q: How does changing the diameter of arterioles control blood pressure and flow?
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