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World scientists and epidemiologists, along with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) begin determining each year which viruses (antigens) need to be in the vaccines for the upcoming flu season at the time the prior flu season ends (or before). They predict which viruses will be circulating in the next flu season in the Western hemiphere by studying the viruses in circulation in the Eastern hemisphere, since those viruses will be heading our way for the next season.
For the 2013-2014 flu season:
In addition to the other ingredients added by the manufacturers of the vaccines, the specific antigens to be included have been selected by CDC for the US trivalent vaccines. For the 2013-2014 flu season, the vaccine contains the following three viruses:
- Type A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus;
- Type A(H3N2) virus antigenically like the cell-propagated prototype virus known as A/Victoria/361/2011; and,
- Type B/Massachusetts/2/2012-like virus.
They have recommended that the 2013-2014 quadrivalent vaccines (containing two Type A and two Type B influenza viruses) contain the above three viruses and a Type B/Brisbane/60/2008-like virus.
Wiki User
∙ 10y ago
Wiki User
∙ 10y agoIt is because when a flu passes from one person to the other, it's genetic structure is changed and a different strain of the same virus is created. This is why we have to produce different vaccines every flu season.
Wiki User
∙ 12y agobecause the pathogens of flu mutate and change meaning that the previous year's vaccine won't be effective to the new pathogens therefore they make a new vaccine which the kills the new types of bacteria. xx
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What shot is a follow up vaccine that keeps immunity active?
A booster shot is one that is a follow up vaccine that keeps up immunity. Some vaccinations never need boosters, others need boosters a couple of times, and some need boosters every so many years to stay active.
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A vaccine is a medicine for immunity and does not have "seconds". If you mean how many seconds does it take for the vaccine to be administered, then the injection of a vaccine usually only takes 5-10 seconds to put the vaccine into your body with a needle since the amount of vaccine needed is so small. If the vaccine is available in a nasal mist, the inhalation of a nasal mist takes as long as it takes for you to sniff. If you mean how long will the immunity last before you need a booster vaccination, you should check with your doctor about the type of vaccine you are getting (e.g. influenza, bacterial pneumonia, etc.). Depending on your age and the type of vaccine, some vaccinations need boosters every so often. Your doctor can tell you how long the one you are getting lasts.
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