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They aren't.
There are two main reasons for this.
Inequality of Terms:
They are different in a technical sense in that one is a devout religious group from one religion and the other is a political ideology defended by devout individuals of a different religion. The proper parallels would be between Orthodox Jews and Traditional Muslims (pious religious individuals) or Orthodox Jewish Political Parties and Islamists (political theory based on religious principles). However, making sure that we are compare apples to apples and Oranges to oranges does not mean that all apples or all oranges are the same.
Difference in Principles:
Orthodox Jews vs. Traditional Muslims
While both groups are composed of pious religious individuals, the way they express those values are completely different. Orthodox Judaism forms isolationist communities that do not interact much with the non-Jewish community. They are typically apolitical, except for Israel where they vote as a solid block to get better welfare to pay for their Torah study. They also do not join or form any violent groups and criminal outbursts are rare. Traditional Muslims live in their own communities but are very vocal and relatively evangelical. They are typically quite political, engaging in protests, forming political parties, supporting candidates, and making a media presence. While most Traditional Muslims are not violent, there are gangs in Traditional Muslim communities. In Western Europe, Muslim areas typically have the highest crime rates in the cities.
Orthodox Jewish Political Parties vs. Islamism
Orthodox Jewish Political Parties only really exist in Israel and they only really advocate for the Orthodox community's financial needs. Many Orthodox Israeli Jews study at Yeshiva and find it hard to make ends meet with only one income (the wife's). As a result, they press for subsidies from the state. They also wish to abstain from the Israeli Army to spend more time studying. Islamism is an entire political ideology whose goal is to bring the religious tenets of Islam into the daily functioning of a government and its laws. Islamism is a modern movement whose roots began contemporaneously with the rise of Salafism in the late 1800s and early 1900s in Egypt. Islamism is not by nature violent or expansive. Many Islamist movements have concrete nationalistic goals such as the Islamists in power in Turkey. However, others can be violent and expansive, such as the Muslim Brotherhood.
What else can I help you with?
What is the difference in clothing for hasidic Jews and orthodox Jews?
Hasidic Jews are a subcategory of Orthodox Jews. The majority of Hassidim wear long coats, while most other Orthodox Jews wear regular suits. On Sabbath and festivals, Hassidim wear a fur hat called a streimel, while other Orthodox Jews wear hats more similar to standard styles.
Do orthodox Jews require medical services by other orthodox Jews?
No.
How do you become an orthodox Jew?
Yes, non-Orthodox Jews can become Orthodox by becoming more observant. Non-Jews can become Orthodox Jews through Orthodox conversion.
What are strictly observant Jews called?
Orthodox Jews are strictly observant. Hassidic Jews are even more strict.
What is strict follower of Jewish law called?
Orthodox and Ultra-Orthodox Jews are strict followers of Jewish law.
Do children of ultra-orthodox Jews become ultra-orthodox too?
Of course, Hassidic Jews emphasize the fact that they raise their children as Hassidic Jews, but in reality, there is significant intergenerational flow, with some children of Hassidic Jews departing for other streams of Judaism, and with some children of Liberal Jews joining more Orthodox streams. This seems typically human. There is a similar intergenerational flow between Christian denominations.
Why do Israeli Jews have to be married by an Orthodox rabbi if they're not Orthodox?
Unfortunately, in Israel, only Orthodox Jews get all the special privileges.
Who are orthodox Jews?
They are Jews who keep the Torah.
What do you call the traditional Jews?
Orthodox Jews or Torah Jews.
Who were the Haredi Jews?
Haredi Jews are ultra orthodox Jews found around the world.
What symbols make orthodox Jew distinctive?
Symbols do not destinguish Orthodox Jews from other kinds of Jews. Orthodox Jews are distinctive in that they adhere to the idea of the of the binding nature of Jewish law.
Can south African modern orthodox Jews appear to live the same as reformed Jews in the states?
In South Africa, like most countries aside from the USA and the UK, the Jewish communities are overwhelmingly Orthodox. Whether or not a person who attends an Orthodox Synagogue is Orthodox in his "non-synagogue activities" is purely up to the believer. So, some members of the Orthodox community may not actually be observant Jews and would appear like Reform Jews in the USA. However, they would not call themselves Orthodox, but Jews who happen to belong to an Orthodox synagogue. Actual Orthodox Jews in South Africa would be indistinguishable from Orthodox Jews in the USA.
