before the industrial revolution there were an awful lot less people and about 80% were living on farms but afterwards only about 20% were living on farms and they all moved to the cities before the revolution there was less money and the infant mortality was a lot lower too!
Before there were cities people lived in tiny town and their economy usually depended on the agriculture, the U.S. for example used to depend on a one crop economy for a while in the early settlements, that was tobacco
Before the Industrial Revolution, products were made almost entirely by hand, rather than by machine. As a result, these products tended to be expensive (being labor intensive) and only the wealthy could afford them. Poor people could buy very little.
Most people worked in land based industries - farming and agriculture.
Mainly agricultural.
The Industrial Revolution affected many aspects of American society and politics. For example, prior to the Industrial Revolution, most of the country's population lived an agrarian lifestyle. Jobs in the cities, brought on by industrialization, shifted that population density to the cities. A wealthy middle class grew out of the startups and entrepreneurial opportunities of the period. It also brought on social problems, such as inadequate housing, poverty, crime, and child labor. Politicians began to court many in the immigrant working classes, understanding the power of the masses.
Capitalism
The precursor to Industrial revolution, French revolution and the American War of Independence was the period of 'Renaissance' which started in Italy in 15th century and later moved northwards sweeping all of Europe. The period of Renaissance changed the complete outlook of the society in the social, cultural, political and economic field. It brought about ideological changes in almost all the spheres. The 'Catholic Curiosity' led to the development of 'New Scientific Method' which led to various discoveries and innovation. It was the 'New Scientific Method' which ultimately gave rise to Industrial revolution. It was marked by change from 'Subsistence society' to 'Monetary society' or Capitalist society. Mass production of factory goods changed the complete social structure. But the social changes were so rapid that society was not able to catchup with the changes. The result was huge amount of unrest in society which threatened social stability. Peasants moving to urban areas, growth of cities, adoption of nuclear family etc. were all opposed to traditions existing prior to Industrial society. It lead to rising number of suicides and violence. Thus there was an urgent need to understand the cause of these social changes, and to provide some meaningful explanation for the increased problems. No other discipline was catering to the newly developed problems. These changed scenarios aided in the rise of 'Science of Society' i.e. 'Sociology' of which August Comte is considered the father.
Before the Industrial Revolution, the nature of capitalism was much smaller in scale. A person may have gained wealth through owning shipping companies, or printing presses, or blacksmith shops. Industrialization allowed for mass production, and no longer the need for specialization. The economies of scale also made the post Industrial Revolution magnates far more wealthy.
Manufacturing was done by hand, or by using animal power or simple machines. Most people worked at home in rural areas. A few worked in shops in towns and belonged to associations called guilds. The Industrial Revolution eventually took manufacturing out of the home and workshop.
Prior to the Industrial Revolution, clothing was made by hand.
The Industrial Revolution affected many aspects of American society and politics. For example, prior to the Industrial Revolution, most of the country's population lived an agrarian lifestyle. Jobs in the cities, brought on by industrialization, shifted that population density to the cities. A wealthy middle class grew out of the startups and entrepreneurial opportunities of the period. It also brought on social problems, such as inadequate housing, poverty, crime, and child labor. Politicians began to court many in the immigrant working classes, understanding the power of the masses.
Agriculture was the mainstay of all societies in the world prior to the industrial revolution of the 19th century.
Capitalism
The Victorian era overlapped the industrial revolution. Prior to the industrial revolution, clothing was homemade or made by tailors and seamstresses. By the end of the Victorian era, the majority of clothing was factory made.
Towns started to grow in Europe especially during the Industrial Revolution in the 1700s-1800s. Prior to this, most Europeans worked and lived on farms, but an Agricultural Revolution happened (creation of better farming techniques and tools) and these people were let go from their jobs. However, during the same time, the Industrial Revolution was happening, where factories were hiring. The people then left the fields to work in the factories, which were either located in cities or towns. The people then lived in the city themselves or in the outer towns. This is known as a great migration, or a push and pull effect.
Yes.
Industrial revolution was about more productive manufacturing. Prior to industrialization, there were guilds of carpenters, silver smiths, print shops.... The industrial revolution did away with the owner-operator model and replaced it with incremental steps. This meant, workers would specialize in a certain small processes of producing something, rather than making the whole. For example, before the industrial revolution, a tailor would make a suite from start to finish. During industrialization, one worker might specialize in just sewing on buttons. He would sew on buttons and then pass his work to the next person for the next step.
Towns started to grow in Europe especially during the Industrial Revolution in the 1700s-1800s. Prior to this, most Europeans worked and lived on farms, but an Agricultural Revolution happened (creation of better farming techniques and tools) and these people were let go from their jobs. However, during the same time, the Industrial Revolution was happening, where factories were hiring. The people then left the fields to work in the factories, which were either located in cities or towns. The people then lived in the city themselves or in the outer towns. This is known as a great migration, or a push and pull effect.
The precursor to Industrial revolution, French revolution and the American War of Independence was the period of 'Renaissance' which started in Italy in 15th century and later moved northwards sweeping all of Europe. The period of Renaissance changed the complete outlook of the society in the social, cultural, political and economic field. It brought about ideological changes in almost all the spheres. The 'Catholic Curiosity' led to the development of 'New Scientific Method' which led to various discoveries and innovation. It was the 'New Scientific Method' which ultimately gave rise to Industrial revolution. It was marked by change from 'Subsistence society' to 'Monetary society' or Capitalist society. Mass production of factory goods changed the complete social structure. But the social changes were so rapid that society was not able to catchup with the changes. The result was huge amount of unrest in society which threatened social stability. Peasants moving to urban areas, growth of cities, adoption of nuclear family etc. were all opposed to traditions existing prior to Industrial society. It lead to rising number of suicides and violence. Thus there was an urgent need to understand the cause of these social changes, and to provide some meaningful explanation for the increased problems. No other discipline was catering to the newly developed problems. These changed scenarios aided in the rise of 'Science of Society' i.e. 'Sociology' of which August Comte is considered the father.
Before the Industrial Revolution, the nature of capitalism was much smaller in scale. A person may have gained wealth through owning shipping companies, or printing presses, or blacksmith shops. Industrialization allowed for mass production, and no longer the need for specialization. The economies of scale also made the post Industrial Revolution magnates far more wealthy.
Prior to the 1905 revolution there was an absolute monarchy. Afterwards, a parliamentary body was created... and was disbanded not much later.