Answer 1
Palestine, Jordan and Iraq came under British rule as League of Nations mandates; Saudi Arabia became independent.
Answer 2
Actually, Saudi Arabia was not created at that time. King Abdulaziz bin Saud (Creator of SA) was in a military/ideological quest to unite what is now known as Saudi Arabia. Along the way, he defeated Ottoman Empire troops along the eastern shores and Ottoman supported tribes in the north. In the west (where Mecca is) he was victorious against Ottoman allies "The Ashraf".
The two countries that started after the breakup of the ottoman empire were Saudi Arabia and Turkey.
it started to break up when the british empire signed a mandate over palestine
I dont know
The Ottoman Empire
The area of the Ottoman Empire consisted of more than eight current countries. Some of these countries were Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Turkey, Syria, Palestine, Israel, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Oman, and Lebanon.
Nationalism, corruption, technological and economical downfall
Nationalism, corruption, technological and economical downfall
explain how European partitioning in the Middle East after the breakup of the Ottoman Empire led to regional conflict
Because the Ottoman Dynasty did not have courage to stand up and fight against European occupation. That day's Ottoman Empire, apart from today's Turkey, consisted nearly most of Middlea East like Syria, Iraq, Arabia, Palestine etc etc. Even more that that due the Treatry of Sevres only the quarter of today's Turkey was left to Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire was overthrown for accepting this treatry.
In WW1 Britain conquered Mesopotamia (Iraq), Jordan and Palestine from the Ottoman Empire.
The Ottoman Empire controlled Palestine and Israel in the 16th century.
Ottoman Empire till 1918 and Britain after that.