Schengen visas are obtained from the embassy of the country you are first going to visit in the Schengen area.
Yes, Switzerland is part of the Schengen Area. Schengen visas are valid.
If you have a Schengen Visa, you do not need a Visa to enter Switzerland. But, just make sure that you have this written "Schengen Estate" on the visa. It means that all Schengen countries are included in the visa. Anyway, once you enter Europe, nobody asks you about your visa or passport.
If you need a Schengen Visa it applies for all Schengen countries, this means that you can then travel freely within the Schengen area for the length of your visa.
No. Cyprus is not part of the Schengen Area. A Schengen visa is not valid in Cyprus.
Yes.If you need a Schengen Visa it applies for all Schengen countries, this means that you can then travel freely within the Schengen area as long as your visa remains valid.
Ukraine is not part of the Schengen Area. A Schengen visa is not valid in the Ukraine.
No, a Schengen visa is not valid for Istanbul. Istanbul is in Turkey, and Turkey is not part of the Schengen Area.
Yes, You need a separate visa for Turkey. Turkey is not part of the Schengen Area. Schengen visas are not valid.
Yes, with Schengen visa you can enter in Croatia.
Yes,An Austrian visa is a Schengen visa and is valid for all Schengen countries.
No. Morocco is not part of the Schengen Area.
Belgium was one of the founding members of the Schengen area, and still is part of it. So yes, if you need a visa for Belgium it will be a Schengen visa, and if you have a visa for the Schengen area, you can visit Belgium.