How do you know how many rings an atom will have?

Answer 1

depends on what column theyre in

Ex: Lead (pb) is in column 6, the columns are how many rings the atom has

Answer 2

The number of electron rings an atom will have is determined by the energy levels of its electrons. Each energy level can hold a specific maximum number of electrons, and atoms will fill these levels in a specific order according to the Aufbau principle. The number of rings an atom will have ultimately depends on the number of electrons it has and how they are distributed among the energy levels.