Mix up a glob of JB Weld and then screw the cap in. Once that sets, it is never coming out. The other answer would be to get a rubber connector boot bigger than the pip and connect a new piece of PVC which you could cap. vbd Purchase a No-hub clamp at a Plumbing supply house, along with a cap, or cleanout plug. The No hub clamp slips over the damaged threads, and connects the new fitting. Tighten the screws. Done! There is a plug availible, rubber with a washer each side and a bolt running thru it with a wing nut on the top side. Simple insert into the hole and tighten the wingnut. This compresses the rubber causing it to swell out and plugging the hole.
get a propane torch and heat up the pipes a little plus spray wd 40 all over very heavy it should break loose if not spray and let sit for a while
Use pipe die on worn threads if you have enough room for die to fit. If not, clean threads with wire brush.
Rusting bolts normally indicates that the bolts are brittle. Taking a pair of water pump pliers and squeezing really hard will most of the time break the rusted bolt so you can remove the toilet seat. Otherwise depending on the type of toilet seat installed, you can drill a hole right through exactly where the rusted bolts slot in, so helping you remove the toilet seat.
probally if not to bad rusted with a wire brush if really bad rusted use a wire brush hand grinder wheel that is what helps me in when i have to weld rusty metal
If it is "rusted out" you do not repair it, You do replace it with XHCI
Left intact the rusted bolt because it has the added mass of the Oxygen. Once cleaned up it will be lighter because it has lost mass in the form of iron atoms in the Iron Oxide molecules.
Tools that have rusted can be cleaned with a piece of steel wool without ruining the finish. A product called Liquid Wrench can also be used to clean rusted tools.
I find a wire brush is usually enough to clean threads.
Hit it with a hammer
Hacksaw
Use pipe die on worn threads if you have enough room for die to fit. If not, clean threads with wire brush.
A cutting torch is one answer.
Put in Hot water
Most of the time it breaks off and you will need to drill it out and replace screew.
NO you cannot heat as any flame can cause a severe explosion and the very least crack the CI fitting The threads have to be cut out gently and possibly re tapped
Bad news. I have found it impossible to remove the bolt caps without breaking them. They are mortared on. They do make plastic bolt caps in a lot of different colors.
A magnet
a large hammer