They are the adjusters on the rear drum brakes. There is usually a oval shaped hole on the rear of the backing plate where you can use a special adjuster screw or a large screwdriver to turn the adjustment star. You want to adjust them for a fair amount of drag without the wheel and tire mounted on it. 'After adjusting that way and after you remount the tires, , back the car up , in a straight line a few times to set them automatically and to the correct tension.
Many newer class 8 trucks have automatic slack adjusters. Adjusting them is not recommended. To adjust them, which is recommended to ensure proper operation of the internal ratcheting device, with the air brakes released (red button pushed in) tighten the slack till the brake shoes are tight against the drum, and back them off 1/4 to 1/2 turn. When you first go to back them off, there will be a bit of slack in the adjustment screw, do not include this in your measurement. After adjusting the slack, it is recommended you check the STROKE of the brake chamber to ensure it is properly adjusted. To perform this check, set the brakes (pull red knob out) measure the distance from the face of the brake chamber and the center of the clevis, and record this measurement. Then set the brakes, and measure again. Subtract the second measurement from the first, and that is your stroke. (you can measure from the face to any point on the rod, as long as both measurements are done from the same location) the stroke guidelines change according to the size of brake chamber.
They're just held on with two clevis pins, but if you need a slack adjuster you probably need a brake job too so I'd have the truck towed to a shop and have a mechanic do the whole axle.
Where I live if the truck was manufactured with automatic slack adjusters you can NOT replace them with manual ones. Check with your local DOT you never know.
Looking through FMCSR 393.47, the only requirement I see in there is that the effective length of a slack adjuster on each end of an axle must be the same.
Yes there are slack adjusters on railroad cars. They work much like the automatic slack adjusters on large trucks, and do the same job
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No. You'll have two slack adjusters per axle, assuming it's using s-cam foundation brakes all around - disc brakes don't have slack adjusters.
The difference between manual and automatic slack adjusters is the way in which the brakes are adjusted. Automatic slack adjusters have sensors that do not let the brakes get too loose or too tight. Manual slack adjusters have to be adjusted by hand and can be set too tight in some cases.
half inch or less
You don't. They adjust automatically.
Step on the brake pedal.
Volvos have automatic slack adjusters, which are dangerous to manually adjust. If your brakes are so far out of whack you think you might have to screw with the slack adjusters, you really need a brake job. Usually the slack adjuster must be backed off before you can remount the brake drums. The do have to be adjusted manually to get at least some drag on the drums before you set them automatically.
Two per axle.
Slack adjusters are the linkage between the pushrod in the brake chamber and the S-cam between the brake shoes.