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The ratio of oxygen to fuel affects what reactions take place, and as a result, how much energy is produced from the reaction. For example, in the presence of excess oxygen, methane burns to form carbon dioxide and water. CH4 + 2O2 > CO2 + 2H2O In limited oxygen, methane forms carbon monoxide and water. 2CH4 + 3O2 > 2CO + 4H2O In an even more limited oxygen supply, methane will form elemental carbon and water. CH4 + O2 > C + 2H2O Each reaction, though chemically similar, can yield drastically dfferent results. Let's say these reactions were taking place in an oven in your home. The first one would yield the highest amount of energy, and have no substantial negative affects. The second wouldn't cook your food as fast, and might kill you and your family. The last would contaminate the fuel lines in your oven with carbon, eventually rendering it useless. So, as you can see, fuel-air ratios affect combustion in very important ways.

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