Slightly oversimplifying it:
neuron
20ms
the brain
How does a nerve impulse follow the all-or-nothing principle???
Reflex Arc
The nerve impulse travels through the reflex arc. It travels from the sensor through the sensory neurone, through the spinal cord and motor neurone to the effector muscle.
nerve my a$$ nerve
Skeletal muscles interact with the spinal cord
A nerve impulse travels toward the actual nucleus itself to pass information.
The knee-jerk reflex is controlled by the interneurons in the spinal cord.
reflex arc.
Reflex nerve pathway is a monosynaptic transmission. There are no interneurons involved. Only the limb that carries the afferent nerve impulse from the stimulus and the efferent motor function for the reflex involved. That is why it is faster. Normal nerve transmission require an interpretation of the impulse by the brain whereas reflex pathways do not. Another reason is because most reflexes from the exteroreceptors travel along myelinated axons (white matter) which carry the impulse faster than other neurons that have unmyelinated axons (grey matter).
A reflex arc doesn't go all the way up to the brain. Thus it NEVER becomes part of the thought process.
nerve impulse