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Korean Buddhism is somewhat concerned with theological doctrines, as are many schools of Mahayana Buddhism.
There are several forms of Buddhism practiced in South Korea, but the most common is the Chogye, the Korean Rinzai Zen school of Mahayana Buddhism. There is little truly distinct about Korean Buddhism.
There is one element, however. In Mahayana Buddhism, there is the view that the Buddha left a successor, Mahakashyapa, as the second Buddhist patriarch. Zen Buddhism believes that the founder of Ch'an/Zen, Bodhidharma, was the tenth Buddhist patriarch. Most of Zen Buddhism believes that there were only 28 Buddhist patriarchs. The 28th gave his transmission to many successors, thus ending the lineage of Buddhist patriarchs.
But there are two schools of Korean Rinzai Zen, Chogye and one other, which both believe that the head of their sect is the current patriarch of all Buddhism. Thus these two schools of Korean Rinzai Zen are sometimes referred to as "Patriarchal Zen".
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