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Valence electrons are the electrons on the outermost energy shell of an element.
In the outermost shell that has electrons in it, those are called the valence electrons. For example carbon has 6 electrons, but only 4 are valence electrons because there are 2 in the shell in between it and the center of the element and 4 on the outside shell.
The element chlorine has seven electrons in its valence shell.
the number of valence electrons in the atom's outer shell how much the valence electrons are shielded from the nucleus
Valence.
Phosphorus
If the element has a full valence shell, such as the noble gases, then it is unreactive. It the element is missing few valence electrons of has few valence electrons, then the element is very reactive, such as the sodium.
Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. Its atomic number is 7 therefore it has a total of 7 electrons. If you put this in a Bohr-Rutherford Diagram, there would be 2 electrons in the first shell (Helium structure) and 5 electrons in the outer shell. The number of electrons in an element's outermost shell is its number of valence electrons.
It depends on the number of electrons in the outer valence shell in the atom
its Atomic Mass.
the element with seven valence electrons will be more reactive. The reason for this is that elements want to always want to have a full valence shell (they always want 8, like a noble gas). The element with eight valence electron is happy with its full shell and will not want to get rid of any electrons.
For an element to be stable, it must have a full outer shell (valence shell) of electrons. An element with a full outer shell of electrons will act like its nearest noble gas and be stable. Most elements require 8 valence electrons to be stable, however H needs 2.