Its outer shell needs 3 more electrons (because 2+3=5) you need 8 in order for the outer shell to become stable being that there is 5 on the outer shell already what plus 5 gives you 8 3 of course so that why you add 3.
Phosphorus must gain 3 electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
In ionic bonding, phosphorus atoms need to gain 3 electrons to become stable, forming phosphide ions (P3-).
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All elements in the group of Nitrogen, such as Phosphorus and Arsenic, have five valence electron when in their natural state (that is, they have not have not gained or lost valence electrons). But as to the element in that group that has valence electrons in the third electron orbital, Phosphorus is the one you are looking for. To figure this out, just look at the Periodic Table of Elements, and you will see that Phosphorus is in the third row. Hope this helps!
P³⁻
It must gain one electron to achieve a noble gas electronic structure, just like other halogens.
chlorine ion has one more electron than the chlorine atom, thus the pull of the electrons to the protons in the nucleus is less because of the extra electron allowing the electron cloud to relax a tiny bit
The wide variance in their electronegativity. Chlorine has such a powerful electronegativity compared to sodium that it " takes " the sodium's electron into it's valance shell. Thus. Na + and Cl - attract each other and form NaCl sodium chloride.
Selenium should gain two electrons and lose six electrons to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.
Only three electrons.
two electrons lost
Ca needs to lose 2 electrons to become Ca+2
All elements in the group of Nitrogen, such as Phosphorus and Arsenic, have five valence electron when in their natural state (that is, they have not have not gained or lost valence electrons). But as to the element in that group that has valence electrons in the third electron orbital, Phosphorus is the one you are looking for. To figure this out, just look at the Periodic Table of Elements, and you will see that Phosphorus is in the third row. Hope this helps!
P³⁻
It gains two to look like Ar.
Iodine gains 1 electron to fill it's shell.
An atom that has gained an electron becomes a negatively charged ion.
metals lose electrons to form ions so as to obtain noble gas configuration. for e.g. sodium(Na) has 11 electrons i.e. 1 electron in its valent (last) shell, to attain noble gas configuration sodium loses 1 electron which may be gained by a non-metal to stabilize itself.
It must gain one electron to achieve a noble gas electronic structure, just like other halogens.
Valance electron