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Latin
Virtually all the languages we speak are actually modern forms of ancient languages. The oldest written language we know of is Sumerian.
Although many Europeans, like myself, speak several languages there are millions, especially English and French, who only speak one. So I would say that on average a European speaks 2 languages.
ancient people spoke thousands of different languages.
For the very same reasons why we speak different languages today in order to communicate with each other.
Most people in the world are bilingual at least.
"Well, if Italians speak Italian and Greeks speak Greek, then ancient Romans spoke Roman!" Uhhm...not quite. I have no idea what the ancient Romans called their language, but we now call it Latin, not Roman.
France did not decide to speak French. Countries do not decide what language to speak; languages develop. The people of ancient Gaul spoke various languages, mostly celtic; then they became part of the Roman Empire and learned Latin; then they were invaded by the Francks, who spoke their own Germanic dialect. Finally, the mixture of Latin and Frankish produced French (with some influence from the more Italianate dialect of the south).
Today, yes. All Romans speak Italian today, its their national language. In ancient times the Romans spoke Latin, and modern Italian is, like all the other Romance languages, an offshoot of Latin.
The Acropolis is an ancient building in Greece. No one lives there.People in Greece speak Greek.
If you speak English, eat means eat. The Bible has been translated from ancient Hebrew, Aramaic and ancient Greek into many languages and one of those languages is English. And eat means eat.
One or two, and usually only one fluently.