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How many penguins are on earth?

Updated: 10/9/2023
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13y ago

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Somewhere between 20,000,000 - 30,000,000 penguins. Some penguins species have around 11million - 15million a pair. And there are several smaller species that has around 100,000 - 250,000 a pair.

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11y ago
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13y ago

NOTE: Penguin population numbers and current status from del Hoyo, et al., 1992. 32

emperor

Aptenodytes forsteri

size: 11 2 cm (44 in.), 27 to 41 kg (60-90 lb.)

distribution: circumpolar on Antarctic continent within limits of pack-ice (Marchant, 1990); one of two species restricted to the Antarctic (the other is the Adelie); generally avoid open water beyond limits of floating ice (Marchant, 1990).

population: 135,000 to 175,000 pairs

current status: not globally threatened, stable with some local fluctuations

king

Aptenodytes patagonicus

size: 94 cm (37 in.), 13.5 to 16 kg (30-35 lb.)

distribution: subantarctic islands and peninsulas (Marchant, 1990); usually forage in ice-free waters (Marchant, 1990); mainly over shelf and slope areas (Stahl, et al., 1990). Most juveniles oceanic; observed several hundred kilometers from nearest colony (Ainley, et al., 1984).

population: more than 1 million pairs

Current status: not globally threatened; stable or increasing

Adélie

Pygoscelis adeliae

size: 46 to 61 cm (1 8-24 in.), 3.6 to 4.5 kg (8-1 0 lb.)

distribution: circumpolar on Antarctic continent within limits of pack-ice (Marchant, 1990); is restricted to the Antarctic (along with emperor penguins).

population: 4,169,390 breeding pairs (del Hoyo, et al., 1992)

current status: not globally threatened; stable or increasing

gentoo

Pygoscelis papua

size: 61 to 76 cm (24-30 in.), 5.5 to 6.4 kg (12-14 lb.)

distribution: circumpolar in subantarctic and antarctic waters; avoid pack ice and continental coasts, except near the Antarctic peninsula; usually remain near breeding islands throughout year (Marchant, 1990)

population: 260,000 to 300,000 pairs

current status: not globally threatened; generally stable

chinstrap

Pygoscelis antarctica

size: 46 to 61 cm (1 8-24 in.), 4 kg (9 lb.)

distribution: antarctic and subantarctic islands population: 6.5 million pairs

current status: not globally threatened

rockhopper

Eudyptes chrysocome

size: 41 to 46 cm (i 6-18 in.), about 2.3 to 2.7 kg (5-6 lb.)

distribution: subantarctic islands population: 3.5 million pairs

current status: not globally threatened; possibly stable

macaroni

Eudyptes chrysolophus

size: 51 to 61 cm (20-24 in.), 4.5 kg (1 0 lb.)

distribution: subantarctic islands in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans

population: 11,654,000 pairs

current status: not globally threatened, generally increasing

royal

Eudyptes schlegeli

size: 66 to 76 cm (26-30 in.), 5.5 kg (1 2 lb.)

distribution: Macquarie and Campbell Islands; also around the New Zealand coast

population: 850,000 pairs

current status: not globally threatened; stable

Fiordland crested

Eudyptes pachyrhynchus

size: 61 cm (24 in.), 2.7 to 3 kg (6-7 lb.)

distribution: subantarctic islands and New Zealand

population: 5,000 to 1 0,000 pairs

current status: not globally threatened; considered near-threatened, though stable

erect-crested

Eudyptes sclateri

size: 63.5 cm (25 in.), 2.7 to 3.5 kg (6-7.7 lb.)

distribution: Australia; New Zealand; and Bounty, Campbell, and Auckland Islands

population: more than 200,000 pairs

current status: not globally threatened; generally stable

Snares Island

Eudyptes robustus

size: 63.5 cm (25 in.), 2.7 to 3 kg (6-7 lb.)

distribution: restricted to Snares Island, south of New Zealand

population: 33,000 pairs

current status: not globally threatened; presently stable

yellow-eyed

Megadyptes antipodes

size: 76 cm (30 in.), 6 kg (1 3 lb.)

distribution: southeast New Zealand

population: 1,540 to 1,855 pairs

current status: vulnerable (IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals); population has decreased 40% in last 40 years

fairy

Eudyptula minor

size: 41 cm (16 in.), about 1 kg (2.2 lb.)

distribution: southern Australia and New Zealand

population: less than 1 million total birds

current status: not globally threatened

Magellanic

Spheniscus magellanicus

size: 61 to 71 cm (24-28 in.), 5 kg (11 lb.)

distribution: Falkland Islands and along the coast of Chile and Argentina

population: 4.5 to 10 million birds

current status: not globally threatened

Humboldt

Spheniscus humboldti

size: 56 to 66 cm (22-26 in.), 4 kg (9 lb.)

distribution: islands off the west coast of South America and along the coast of Peru and Chile population: 20,000 total birds

current status: insufficiently known (IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals), CITES I

African

Spheniscus demersus

size: 61 to 71 cm (24-28 in.), 3 kg (7 lb.)

distribution: South African waters population: 50,000 to 171,000 pairs

current status: insufficiently known (IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals), CITES II; general decline continues

Galapagos

Spheniscus mendiculus

size: 53 cm (21 in.), 2.5 kg (5-6 lb.)

distribution: Galapagos Islands, off the coast of Ecuador, almost astride the equator; is the most northerly penguin species

population: 6,000 to 15,000 total birds

current status: endangered (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Endangered Species List)

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13y ago
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14y ago

over 2,000,000

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15y ago

2

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11y ago

17

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