The geography of Greece affected the city-states in a multitude of ways. This list is not exhaustive, but mentions several important ways that the geography affected the City-States:
1) Minimal Land Travel: The Greek Mainland (Thrace, Epirus, Boetia, Attica, and the Peloponnesus) is among the most mountainous and hilly land in all of Europe, making land travel between the city-state minimal. It also directed their efforts away from expanding their influence primarily over land and explains why non-coastal regions of Greece took the longest to develop.
2) Marine Travel and Naval Strength: Most of the city-states were relatively close to the water, especially those found on Crete, Cyprus, the Dodecanese Islands, or Cycladic Islands. Greek city-states favored marine travel which was more reliable and cost-effective than land travel. As a result, many city-states had strong navies as opposed to having strong armies. (Sparta is the one major exception to that rule.)
3) Chronic Disunity: Because of the prevalence of strong navies, the difficulty of land travel, and the presence of many invasion choke-points (the most famous being Thermopylae), the Greek city-states were never completely unified until Alexander the great conquered them all. (Sparta did defeat Athens in the Peloponnesian War, but only held onto that victory for a very short time. In addition, Sparta never expanded its power into Boetia or over the Cycladic Islands - which would have been the next logical places to expand.)
4) Pastoralism and Fishing: The mountainous terrain made growing crops very difficult. The two crops that the Greeks were able to cultivate were olives and wheat, but wheat was much more difficult to maintain than the olives. This forced Greeks to resort to pastoralism (primarily animal-based agriculture) and they raised goats, sheep, and pigs. As a result, there was a lot of dairy and meat in the Greek diet relative to contemporaneous civilizations (although significantly less than today). In addition, because of the access to the sea, Greek cuisine included vast amounts of shellfish, mollusks, and proper fishes.
Greece is for almost 80% of its surface covered by mountains which were at the time again covered with dense forests. This meant that ancient communities were largely isolated from each other. And this again led to the establishment of separate and often warring City-States instead of to a unified ancient Greece.
Seas were a geographic feature that influenced Greece in a number of ways. They opened the country to new foods, ideas, and customs.
Because the Greeks farted in jars and ate doody
Waterfalls
As a peninsula, Greece is surrounded by oceanic waters which teem with life. The oceans are also an ancient source of salt.
Systematic geography is concerned with individual physical and cultural elements of the earth. Systematic geography includes physical geography and cultural geography. These classifications are made up of specialized fields that deal with specific aspects of geography. Systematic geography is concerned with the formulation of general laws and principles and is divided into two branches: physical geography and human geography. Each of these branches is subdivided into several specialist fields. This section describes briefly the main branches of contemporary systematic geography and their respective subdisciplines. The methodologies they employ and their historical development are outlined in the sections that follow. More detailed discussion of these areas and of the current concerns and future trends within systematic geography can be found in the Physical Geography and Human Geography articles. The main subdisciplines of systematic geography also have their own articles.
Physical geography is that branch of natural science which deals with the study General Geography.
Because the Greeks farted in jars and ate doody
Rivers
Physical geography typically plays some role in the development of culture. Cultural dress codes, for example, may be influenced by physical geography of the area.
mental, physical, spiritual, moral
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Both are landlocked countries, that's why.
Physical geography is a branch of Geography; the main branches of Geography are Physical and Human, these are mainly taught at school level. Physical geography relates to the natural environment.
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Waterfalls
As a peninsula, Greece is surrounded by oceanic waters which teem with life. The oceans are also an ancient source of salt.
What are some examples of physical geography
The major elements that comes under the physical geography are lithoforms,atmosphere,hydrosphere and biosphere. The study of physical geography is important from the point of sustainable development as it provides a better understanding of the natural phenomena.