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The modern way of converting 1999 into Roman numerals is now considered to be MCMXCIX but the ancient Romans would have worked out the equivalent of 1999 on an abacus counting device as MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII and then probably abridged it to IMM thus facilitating the speed and ease of the required calculations as follows:-

MMMI+IMM = (V) => 3001+(2000-1) = 5000

MMMI+MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII = (V) => 3001+1999 = 5000

MMMI-IMM = MII => 3001-(2000-1) = 1002

MMMI-MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII = MII => 3001-1999 =1002

Note that in mathematics -(2000-1) changes to 1-2000 and that the Roman numeral of (V) means 1000*5 = 5000

QED

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Q: How would you calculate 3001 plus 1999 in two different ways and 3001 minus 1999 in two different ways but working out all four calculations entirely in Roman numerals with explanations?
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How would you actually add together 1666 and 1999 in two different ways entirely in Roman numerals throughout both calculations with explanations?

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