Gossamer is a word that means light weight and airy, such as lace. It is also the name of a type of yarn produced by the Knit Picks yarn company, which is a fine, light weight, single strand yarn. There is also a knitting store in Oregon called Gossamer, The Knitting Place.
To answer your question, yes, a gossamer shawl would be a shawl that is knitted out of a lace weight, single ply yarn.
Any fine wool can be used to fabricate a shawl: a lace weight or a finger weight would be the finest.
about 50% is made from wool
A traditional jersey is either hand-knitted from wool (from a sheep), or is less traditionally machine knitted using either wool or a wool/acrylic mixture.
pangkuskos
A kintted wool hat is a hat one wears on a head, fabricated by knitting fibre known as wool.
There are many. Wool, cotton, bamboo, acrylic, silk, polyester, angora and alpaca come to mind.
The type of wool known as shahtoosh is made from the Chiru. This is an antelope from Tibet. The reason why it is banned is due to a ban on trade of endangered species. The Tibetan antelope Chiru is endangered.
I don't know if you can starch a knitted coaster, BUT you could use a natural fiber (wool) and felt it so that it is sturdy.
Wool is first spun into yarn, and the yarn can be knitted or woven, depending on the final result you want.
You may be thinking of a balaclava, which functions as a mask. These can be knitted wool or canvas.
There are many places to find information about wool knitting. Websites for information about wool knitting include Get Knitted, Retro Mummy and Nocturnal Knits.
Not all children's clothes are knitted. It is common for many baby and toddler clothing items to be made from wool, because it is soft, warm and gentle on their skin. Knitted clothes are also fairly durable when washed carefully.