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Why does stearic acid melt at 69 but linoleic acid melts at9?
Linoleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid. This means less energy is required to separate the molecules due to its irregular/bent shape. The bends come from the cis double bonds in the carbon chain.
Why are cis fatty acids rearranged to trans fatty acids in the process of partial hydrogenation?
CIS fatty acids are the most common form. They rearrange to form trans fatty acids during the hydrogenation of edible oils.
Do trans or cis fatty acids have a higher melting point?
The trans fatty acid has a higher melting point. The trans isomer is straighter in shape and this allows the molecules to be packed closer together. The molecules are hence held together by greater Van der Waal's force.
Which acid is present in bittergourd?
9-cis, 11-trans, 13-trans-conjugated linolenic acid
What does the term 'polyunsaturated' on a margarine container mean?
It means that this margarine contains (one or more) types of polyunsaturated fats.Polyunsaturated fats are triglycerides in which the hydrocarbon tails constitutes polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (fatty acids possessing more than a single carbon-carbon double bond)."Unsaturated" refers to the fact that the molecules contain less than the maximum amount of hydrogen. These materials exist as cis or trans isomers depending on the geometry of the double bond. 'Cis-bond' fats are more healthy than trans-fats.Some types of PUFA's:Omega-3,6 fatty acidOmega-3, 6, 9 fatty acidConjugated linoleic acid
What is the difference between cis- and trans-fatty acids?
Just the difference between cis and trans isomers. The arrangement of functional groups around double bonded carbons. Same groups lined up on the same side are cis fatties and alternate groups lined up on the different sides are trans fatty acids.
What is anabolic c9-t11?
'c9-t11' = 'cis-9, trans-11 isomer of CLA', Conjugated Linoleic Acid, which also contains another isomer (trans-10, cis-12). CLA is not a steroid hormone. It is a lipid / fatty acid. CLA is a by-product from meat, milk and cheese - (with higher content in herds from grass-fed, rather than grain-fed, and grazing in colder climates). It is a trans fatty acid (TFA), but possibly has beneficial effects (one of which might be an anabolic action on muscles - for which it is presumably sold).Anabolics increase protein synthesis within cells, which results in the build-up of cellular tissue (anabolism), especially in muscles. The word anabolic comes from the Greek anabolein, "to build up"
Why are there three isomers of dibenzalacetone?
those are defined by position of double bonds, the possible one,s are cis-cis,cis-trans,trans-trans.
What is cis fat?
The basic building block of "fat" are fatty acids. Cis is a term used in chemistry and other sciences. Below is the definition of cis from Answers.com cis-pref. # On this side: cisatlantic. # Having a pair of identical atoms or groups on the same side of a plane that passes through two carbon atoms linked by a double bond. Used of a geometric isomer: cis-2-butene. [Latin, from cis, on this side of.] In an effort to answer "Cis Fat", the description below is cut and pasted from Answers.com for "Unsaturated fatty acid" Hopefully this helps:-) unsaturated fatty acid A http://www.answers.com/topic/fatty-acid that contains one (monounsaturated) or more (polyunsaturated) double bonds between carbon atoms. Each double bond takes the place of one hydrogen atom. In cis fatty acids, the two hydrogen atoms adjacent to a double bond are on the same side. This imposes a kink in the molecule making cis unsaturated fatty acids less easy to pack together. Consequently, cis unsaturated fats are usually liquid (oil) at room temperature. In trans-unsaturated fatty acids, the two hydrogen atoms adjacent to a double bond are on opposite sides, enabling the atoms to pack more closely together and giving the trans unsaturated fatty acids physical properties similar to saturated fatty acids. Eating large amounts of foods with high levels of trans unsaturated fatty acids is generally regarded as more detrimental to health than eating comparable amounts of food containing cis unsaturated fatty acids.
Do trans or cis fats have a higher melting point?
Cis fats would have a higher melting point due to tighter packing between molecules, as the chains would be unbent. Trans fats would have kinks in the fatty acid chain and this would hinder molecular packing, thus making it looser and would subsequently liquefy more easilyTrans fats are non polar while Cis fats are polar. Cis fats have strong inter molecular attractions. So melting point of cis fats are higher than trans fats.
What is trans fatty acid?
"Trans" fats are unsaturated (with double bonds) triglycerides (fats) where the double bonds are in a trans conformation as opposed to a cis conformation. Only cis conformation is found in nature. In the cis conformation, the two carbon chains on either end of the double bond bend to the same side while in the trans conformation, the two carbon chains bend to opposite sides. Here's a diagram (the horizontal line is the double bond):\_/ cis\_...\ trans (... are placeholders)Cis double bonds introduce a bend in a fatty acid chain and therefore unsaturated fats with cis double bonds contain bends and occupy more space, leading to lower melting temperature (harder to make solid, usually liquid at room temperatures). The hydrogenation process seeks to make the saturate the double bonds to single bonds by adding hydrogen to the double bonds, making the fatty acids linear and the melting point of the fat higher (solid at room temperature for better storage, e.g. margarine). Trans double bonds are created from cis double bonds as a side-effect of the hydrogenation process, and it so happens that the trans geometry makes the fatty acid chain linear like a single bond. Therefore the hydrogenation process makes the fatty acid chains linear, whether by creating single bonds or trans double bonds, leading to the solidification of normally liquid oils (e.g. vegetable oil).It turns out that since the trans double bond is not found in nature, the body doesn't know how to handle it. The body senses that trans fats contain double bonds, but when the body puts them to use, their biochemical properties, being opposite to the natural cis fats, cause a variety of health risks, the most significant being cardiovascular diseases.
Why the double bond in unsaturated fatty acid chain cause bend and what is the effect of that bend on the overall function of lipid?
the double bond causes bending of the lipid because of the cis and trans conformers of the lipid , and the effect of that bending (such as in oleic acid) will make packaging of fatty acids harder.
