Archaeology is a science, and archaeologists say that the ten plagues never happened. So the rational and scientific explanation is that there never were the ten plagues of Egypt. In fact, the respected Israeli archaeologist, Israel Finkelstein, says that over 90 per cent of scholars believe that the Exodus from Egypt never happened [allowing for those scholars who accept no evidence contrary to a literal reading of The Bible].
Exodus
Exodus 7-11
Frogs were used in the plagues.
The Israelites in Egypt were not harmed by the plagues (Exodus ch.7-12). Only after the Exodus, on a couple of occasions when some of them sinned egregiously, plagues smote some of the people (Numbers ch.17 and ch.25)
The book of Exodus 7-12
Passover (Pesach in Hebrew), commemorates the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt.
Per Exodus 7:8 - 11.10, ten. But be careful about reading any story in Exodus literally.
The ten plagues (Exodus ch.7-12).
The ten commandments, red sea crossing the tabernacle, and the plagues
Bringing the Ten Plagues upon the Egyptians (Exodus ch.7-12), and giving the Torah to the Israelites (Exodus ch.19-20).
Yes, the feeding of the Jews with manna during the exodus, the pillar of fire, the Egyptian plagues are some.
The Egyptians were punished with ten plagues when the Israelites were held as slaves by the Egyptians, right before the Exodus, somewhere around 1446 BCE. The exact date of the Exodus is a subject of many scholarly debates -- see the link below for a detailed article on the subject.