A: LEDS are basically a diodes.So yes they can be strung right across the AC line. Unfortunately the reverse voltage is very low and tend to leak at hi voltage. the design should provide protection for the reverse voltage with resistance across each to
equalize the leakage current otherwise it will work only once.
electrical voltage
The voltage used in Ireland is 220V AC, at 50Hz.
LED's are DC voltage. Transformers are AC voltage. There is no positive or negative on AC voltage. You would need a diode to change the AC to DC, then there would be positive and negative voltages.
The function of any transformer is to change one AC voltage value to another AC voltage value. A step down transformer will transform a higher AC voltage to a lower AC voltage. A step up transformer will transform a lower AC voltage to a higher AC voltage. The transmission of electrical power uses both of these types of transformers. From the generation station the voltage is stepped up to a very high transmission voltage and at the end of the transmission line it is stepped down to a voltage that consumers can utilize.
a sine wave (~)
A: A LED is a diode that emit photons when exited with enough current and/or voltage. it does not care where the source come from. for AC IT WILL WORK PROVIDED A SERIES DIODE IS ADDED that is there to prevent the led from burning up when the reverse voltage exceed the saturation current . these devices have a very low reverse voltage breakdown limitation and if they breakdown usually the power dissipation will be exceeded and blow up.
AC voltage controllers are used for controlling the speed of universal motor or induction motor by changing the firing angle :) -vinodh gav
What voltage is used in Dell Laptop AC Adapters depends on in which part of the world the laptop gets bought. Europe for example has a diffrent voltage then the USA.
rms value of voltage
The RMS value of an AC voltage is VRMS = VPEAK / sqrt(2), where VPEAK = the voltage peak to neutral.AnswerThe average value of a sinusoidal a.c. voltage is zero.
You don't. Transformers only work with AC voltage. Their input will be an AC waveform, and their output will be an AC waveform. Other electronics are used to convert the stepped down AC waveform from the transformer to DC.
A rectifier is an electronic device that changes an AC voltage to a DC voltage.