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Both. From 1521 to 1821 it was a Spanish colony; once it won its independence, Mexico became an empire (First Mexican Empire) until 1823, when it switched to a Republic.
Later, when France launched an invasion into Mexico, established a puppet government which was an empire (Second Mexican Empire). This empire lasted from 1864 to 1867 until Benito Juarez and his followers restored the Republic.
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Earn +20 ptsQ: Mexico was a colony of what European country?
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