Rays and particles emitted by radioactive material?

Answer 1

There are 3 types of radiation:

Alpha radiation where a nucleus ejects a alpha particle (i.e a Helium nucleus: a bound state of 2 protons and 2 neutrons).

Beta radiation where a neutron in a nucleus decays into a photon and emits an electron (known as beta particle in this scenario)

Gamma radiation where a nucleus in an excited state, eg Uranium just after alpha decay, emits Electomagnetic radiation (Photons) in order to loose energy.

Alpha radiation is due to the "Strong force", Gamma radiation due to the electromagnetic interaction, and Beta radiation is due to the "Weak force". Along with Gravity these are the fundamental forces of the Universe

Answer 2

When an atom undergoes radioactive decay, most of the particles in the nucleus stay in the nucleus of the daughter atom or atoms. The ones that do not do this are emitted.

Emitted alpha particles usually capture electrons and become the nuclei of helium atoms.

Emitted beta particles usually slow down to the point they are indistinguishable from other electrons.

Gamma emissions are not particles, but are absorbed, putting energy into whatever absorbs them.

Neutrons, when they are emitted, do all sorts of interesting things. They bounce about, heating up the atoms they hit. Sometimes they are captured by the atoms, changing the isotope. Sometimes they cause the atoms to decay, and this may happen even if the atoms are not radioactive. If they cannot do anything else, they decay themselves, emitting a proton, an electron, and an electron antineutrino. Their half life, when they are not bound in a nucleus, is a bit less than fifteen minutes, but during that time they cover a lot of ground. Thermal neutrons, which have a medium energy level, move at about 1500 miles per second.

Answer 3

alpha particles (blocked by clothing)

beta particles (blocked by walls)

and gamma radiation (blocked by lots of lead and concrete)

Answer 4

isotope emits specific radiations due to which it is easy to identify an isotope. it is this characteristics due to which the isotopes are being used in different fields of our life.

Answer 5

dALTON'S ATOMIC THEORY

Answer 6

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Answer 7

Radiation.