No, the following digital computers preceded ENIAC: Harvard Mark I, ABC, Zuse Z1 & Z2 & Z3, Colossus Mark 1 & Mark 2. Also many analog computers preceded these.However ENIAC was the first general purpose programmable electronic digital computer.
No. ABC and Harvard Mark I preceded it. Also Konrad Zuse's Z1, Z2, and Z3 preceded it.
yes
Universal Automatic Computer
The ABC was completed in fall of 1941. ENIAC was completed in late 1945.
That depends on your definition of true.Electronic - ABC (but this wasn't programmable)Programmable - Harvard Mark I (but this wasn't electronic)General purpose - Analytical Engine (mechanical and never built)Are Analog computers acceptable? - Bush differential analyzerCommercial product - UNIVAC I or LEO Ietc.
ABC - funded by university grant.Harvard Mark I - funded by IBM and US Navy.ENIAC - funded by US Army.SSEC - funded by IBM.EDSAC - funded by university grant & Lyons.LEO - funded by Lyons (a british cookie and tea company).EDVAC - funded by US Army.IAS - funded by university grant.UNIVAC I - funded by Remington Rand.
This does not have a straightforward answer. The first digital computer was called the ABC computer developed by Atanasoff and Berry in 1942 but it was never fully functional. ABC stood forr Atanasoff-Berry Computer. A court judge named Atanasoff the inventor of the digital computer. The first working digitale computer was the ENIAC developed by Mauchly and Eckert in 1946. ENIAC stood for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator.
The first US commercial general-purpose programable electronic digital computer UNIVAC I, introduced in 1951 by Remington Rand had a keyboard on its operator console. Earlier computers may also have had keyboards, it is hard to track down specifics on all the early "one off" machines. ENIAC (1946) and the ABC (1942) had no keyboard; however data entry for both machines was done using IBM 016 Keypunches, which did have keyboards.
ABC, the Atanasoff Berry Computer finished in early 1942. The ABC was not programmable and could solve only systems of simultaneous equations of up to 29 variables. It inspired John Mauchly into building ENIAC which was finished in late 1945.
ABC Mark Curry and Delta Burke Back Lot Special - 1994 TV was released on: USA: 10 September 1994
John Vincent Atanasoff developed the ABC (Atanasoff-Berry Computer) at Iowa State University in October 1939 as in the following link.Patent dispute details: J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly were the first to patent a digital computing device, the ENIAC. The ABC had been examined by John Mauchly in June 1941, and Isaac Auerbach,[6] a former student of Mauchly's, alleged that it influenced his later work on ENIAC, although Mauchly denied this (Shurkin, pg. 280-299). In 1967 Honeywell sued Sperry Rand in an attempt to break their ENIAC patents, arguing the ABC constituted prior art. The United States District Court for the District of Minnesota released its judgement on October 19, 1973, finding in Honeywell v. Sperry Rand that the ENIAC patent was a derivative of John Atanasoff's invention. The decision was not appealed.Campbell-Kelly and Aspray conclude:The extent to which Mauchly drew on Atanasoff's ideas remains unknown, and the evidence is massive and conflicting. The ABC was quite modest technology, and it was not fully implemented. At the very least we can infer that Mauchly saw the potential significance of the ABC and that this may have led him to propose a similar, electronic solution.The case was legally resolved on October 19, 1973 when U.S. District Judge Earl R. Larson held the ENIAC patent invalid, ruling that the ENIAC derived many basic ideas from the Atanasoff-Berry Computer. Judge Larson explicitly stated, "Eckert and Mauchly did not themselves first invent the automatic electronic digital computer, but instead derived that subject matter from one Dr. John Vincent Atanasoff".