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The Spine (more accurately reffered to as the Vertebral Column) is made up of 33 Vertebrae joined by Inververtebral Disks. These vertebrae are split into 5 regions accoording to their shape (only some details change but general structure is constant) and where they are in body. The uppermmost region is called the Cervical (Ser-vy_cl) region and it contains the top 7 vertebrae. This region is where the upper Lordosa (curve pointing forwards) is seen and it is contained entirely within the head and neck. Within this region are two very cpecial vertebrae called Atlas and Axis. The atlas is the uppermost and it articulates with a part of the Skull called the Occipital Condyle. At this joint flaexion and extension can take place (ie nodding). The next vertebrae down is the Axis which form a unique joint type called a Synovial Pivot Joint. Here rotation around a projection od the axis allows the head (and the atlas) to rotate (as in shaking the hea). The region below this is called the Thoracic Vertebrae which contains the next 12 vertebrea. Its shape is a Kephosa (curve pointing backwards) that is enlarged in a "humped back" or Kephosis (the pleural or kephosa is kephoses with an E). This region is contained entirelt within the thorax as the name suggests. Down from this is the Lumbar Region within which there are only 5 vertebrae. This region forms the lower lordosa and is contained within the Abdomen. Up till now all the vertebrae have been separate bones connected by intervertebral disks but the next to regions have their vertebrae fused together (although not between the two regions). The Sacrum looks like one bone but is actually the next 5 vertebrae all fused together. It is the part that jsits between the posterior parts of the left and right pelvis bones, joined to them by synnovial plane type joints. The final region is the Coxxyxwhich contains 4 more tiny vertebrae that have again fused together to form a single structure. This is the region that used to lead on to form the tail until we evolved not to have one. The combination of the coxxyx and the sacrum makes the lower kephosa.

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Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, and Coccyx.

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the foramen magnum the conus medullaris and the filum terminale.

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cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal unit

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Cervical, Thorasic, Lumbar, Sacral and coccyx

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cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal unit

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You have cervical, thoracic, lumber and sacral segments of spine.

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  1. The body
  2. The processes
  3. The vertebral foramen
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p-nus in a va jj

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Q: What are the five distinct divisions of the vertebral column?
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