What are the conductors and insulators in a simple circuit?

Answer 1

All materials are conductors and insulators to some extent. Materials called "conductors" have very high conductivity, and materials called "insulators" have very low conductivity.

Wires are the conductors in a circuit.

Wires are usually wrapped with insulators so that accidental contact between wires does not cause a "short" and prevent the circuit from working as designed. Also, air is a good insulator that is usually implicitly present between the components of the circuit. These insulators are not drawn on a circuit diagram. They are represented by the absence of a connection drawn on the diagram. In a sense, they are not part of the "circuit", because they are not part the path taken by the vast majority of electrons.

Resistors are a kind of electrical component that is between a conductor and an insulator. They can conduct electricity to some degree, but less than a wire.

Capacitors contain an insulator called a "dielectric". This material does not allow electrons to pass. However, current can pass through a capacitor. Excess electrons can accumulate on one side of the capacitor, while electrons are drained from the other side. No electrons actually pass through the capacitor, but they seem to because the same number enter on one side as leave on the other.

Answer 2

An energy source.

Answer 3

yes