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A plane mirror is a mirror with a planar reflective surface. For light rays striking a plane mirror, the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence. The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the surface normal (an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface). Therefore the angle of reflection is the angle between the reflected ray and the normal and a collimated beam of light does not spread out after reflection from a plane mirror, except for diffraction effects.
Both are zero. Thereby it obeys the second law of reflection ie angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection.
The ray of incidence is the light ray hitting the mirror plane and the ray bouncing off is the reflection ray. An incident ray is a ray of light that strikes a surface. The angle between this ray and the perpendicular or normal to the surface is the angle of incidence
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The reference line is the normal (perpendicular) to the surface.
The angle of reflection (θr) off a planar surface (eg. mirror) is equal to the angle of incidence (θi) on that surface. They are measured with respect to the normal, which is an imaginary line drawn perpendicular to the surface. Or, in simpler terms, the angle of reflection is the same as the angle of incidence.
A plane mirror is a mirror with a planar reflective surface. For light rays striking a plane mirror, the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence. The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the surface normal (an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface). Therefore the angle of reflection is the angle between the reflected ray and the normal and a collimated beam of light does not spread out after reflection from a plane mirror, except for diffraction effects.
If the ray hits the mirror at an angle of 30 degrees with the mirror surface, the complementary angle that the ray makes with the normal (perpendicular) to the mirror at the point of incidence is (90 - 30) = 60 degrees and since angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection in a plane mirror, the angle of reflection is 60 degrees.
We measure them on the either side of the mirror and not on the side of the normal to the surface of the mirror because, if the mirror or any reflecting surface is bent, then there will be a difference between the angle of incidence and angle reflection which can be avoided by measuring those angles on the either side of the mirror.
Both are zero. Thereby it obeys the second law of reflection ie angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection.
The law of reflection: When a ray of light reflects off a mirror, the angle of the incidence ray is equal to the angle of the reflection ray. Therefore, an incidence ray of 45 degrees will have a reflection ray of 45 degrees. As both rays are equal, either side of the normal line, then adding both angles equals 45 + 45 = 90 degrees. The normal line is a line perpendicular to the surface of the mirror.
The ray of incidence is the light ray hitting the mirror plane and the ray bouncing off is the reflection ray. An incident ray is a ray of light that strikes a surface. The angle between this ray and the perpendicular or normal to the surface is the angle of incidence
The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence. It will be at 30o to the surface of the mirror (from the opposite edge) ^ This answer is not correct for SURFACE, but is correct for RELATIVE ^
The angle of incidence and reflection are reference to of a line normal or perpendicular to a surface. The incidence angle is the incoming ray angle relative to the normal line and the reflection is the outgoing angle relative to the normal line. Both angles are in the plane containing the normal line and the incidence ray.
The 'normal' direction is the direction perpendicular to a surface. Think of a stick with one end of it glued to a mirror. When a beam of light or a tennis ball hits the surface, the 'angle of incidence' is the angle between the normal and the direction the ball came from. The 'angle of reflection' is the angle between the normal and the direction the ball will take after the bounce. The angle of reflection will be equal to the angle of incidence. Knowing this, you can always place your bank shot exactly where you want it to go after the bounce.
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The angle between the normal and the surface of anything is by definition always 90 degrees, regardless of whether it is a mirror, a piece of concrete, a wooden plank, etc.